Engineering topics

Andrews, Michael

Publications and source records attributed to Andrews, Michael.

7 records

DOE OSTI2022

Extracting low energy signals from raw LArTPC waveforms using deep learning techniques — A proof of concept

Here, we investigate the feasibility of using deep learning techniques, in the form of a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), for the extraction of signals from the raw waveforms produced by the individual channels of liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) detectors. A minimal generic LArTPC detector model is developed to generate realistic noise and signal waveforms used to train and test the 1D-CNN, and evaluate its performance on low-level signals. We demonstrate that our approach overcomes the inherent shortcomings of traditional cut-based methods by extending sensitivity to signals with ADC values below their imposed thresholds. This approach exhibits great promise in enhancing the capabilities of future generation neutrino experiments like DUNE to carry out their low-energy neutrino physics programs.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2021

Accelerating End-to-End Deep Learning for Particle Reconstruction using CMS open data

Machine learning algorithms are gaining ground in high energy physics for applications in particle and event identification, physics analysis, detector reconstruction, simulation and trigger. Currently, most data-analysis tasks at LHC experiments benefit from the use of machine learning. Incorporating these computational tools in the experimental framework presents new challenges. This paper reports on the implementation of the end-to-end deep learning with the CMS software framework and the scaling of the end-to-end deep learning with multiple GPUs. The end-to-end deep learning technique combines deep learning algorithms and low-level detector representation for particle and event identification. We demonstrate the end-to-end implementation on a top quark benchmark and perform studies with various hardware architectures including single and multiple GPUs and Google TPU.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2021

End-to-End Jet Classification of Boosted Top Quarks with CMS Open Data

We describe a novel application of the end-to-end deep learning technique to the task of discriminating top quark-initiated jets from those originating from the hadronization of a light quark or a gluon. The end-to-end deep learning technique combines deep learning algorithms and low-level detector representation of the high-energy collision event. In this study, we use lowlevel detector information from the simulated CMS Open Data samples to construct the top jet classifiers. To optimize classifier performance we progressively add low-level information from the CMS tracking detector, including pixel detector reconstructed hits and impact parameters, and demonstrate the value of additional tracking information even when no new spatial structures are added. Relying only on calorimeter energy deposits and reconstructed pixel detector hits, the end-to-end classifier achieves a ROC-AUC score of 0.975±0.002 for the task of classifying boosted top quark jets. After adding derived track quantities, the classifier ROC-AUC score increases to 0.9824±0.0013, serving as the first performance benchmark for these CMS Open Data samples.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2021

Extracting low energy signals from raw LArTPC waveforms using deep learning techniques -- A proof of concept

We investigate the feasibility of using deep learning techniques, in the form of a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), for the extraction of signals from the raw waveforms produced by the individual channels of liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) detectors. A minimal generic LArTPC detector model is developed to generate realistic noise and signal waveforms used to train and test the 1D-CNN, and evaluate its performance on low-level signals. We demonstrate that our approach overcomes the inherent shortcomings of traditional cut-based methods by extending sensitivity to signals with ADC values below their imposed thresholds. This approach exhibits great promise in enhancing the capabilities of future generation neutrino experiments like DUNE to carry out their low-energy neutrino physics programs.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

NASA NTRS2010

MMIC Amplifiers and Wafer Probes for 350 to 500 GHz

A wireless avionics interface exploits the constrained nature of data networks in flight systems to use a lightweight routing method. This simplified routing means that a processor is not required, and the logic can be implemented as an intellectual property (IP) core in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The FPGA can be shared with the flight subsystem application. In addition, the router is aware of redundant subsystems, and can be configured to provide hot standby support as part of the interface. This simplifies implementation of flight applications requiring hot stand - by support. When a valid inbound packet is received from the network, the destination node address is inspected to determine whether the packet is to be processed by this node. Each node has routing tables for the next neighbor node to guide the packet to the destination node. If it is to be processed, the final packet destination is inspected to determine whether the packet is to be forwarded to another node, or routed locally. If the packet is local, it is sent to an Applications Data Interface (ADI), which is attached to a local flight application. Under this scheme, an interface can support many applications in a subsystem supporting a high level of subsystem integration. If the packet is to be forwarded to another node, it is sent to the outbound packet router. The outbound packet router receives packets from an ADI or a packet to be forwarded. It then uses a lookup table to determine the next destination for the packet. Upon detecting a remote subsystem failure, the routing table can be updated to autonomously bypass the failed subsystem.

Samoska, Lorene A.↗

NASA NTRS2008

On-Wafer Measurement of a Silicon-Based CMOS VCO at 324 GHz

The world s first silicon-based complementary metal oxide/semiconductor (CMOS) integrated-circuit voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) operating in a frequency range around 324 GHz has been built and tested. Concomitantly, equipment for measuring the performance of this oscillator has been built and tested. These accomplishments are intermediate steps in a continuing effort to develop low-power-consumption, low-phase-noise, electronically tunable signal generators as local oscillators for heterodyne receivers in submillimeter-wavelength (frequency > 300 GHz) scientific instruments and imaging systems. Submillimeter-wavelength imaging systems are of special interest for military and law-enforcement use because they could, potentially, be used to detect weapons hidden behind clothing and other opaque dielectric materials. In comparison with prior submillimeter- wavelength signal generators, CMOS VCOs offer significant potential advantages, including great reductions in power consumption, mass, size, and complexity. In addition, there is potential for on-chip integration of CMOS VCOs with other CMOS integrated circuitry, including phase-lock loops, analog- to-digital converters, and advanced microprocessors.

Samoska, Lorene↗

NASA NTRS2005

Photochemically Etched Construction Technology Developed for Digital Xenon Feed Systems

Electric propulsion systems are quickly emerging as attractive options for primary propulsion in low Earth orbit, in geosynchronous orbit, and on interplanetary spacecraft. The driving force behind the acceptance of these systems is the substantial reduction in the propellant mass that can be realized. Unfortunately, system designers are often forced to utilize components designed for chemical propellants in their electric systems. Although functionally acceptable, these relatively large, heavy components are designed for the higher pressures and mass flow rates required by chemical systems. To fully realize the benefits of electric propulsion, researchers must develop components that are optimized for the low flow rates, critical leakage needs, low pressures, and limited budgets of these emerging systems.

Otsap, Ben↗