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Arcelli, S.

Publications and source records attributed to Arcelli, S..

At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Jet-associated deuteron production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ =13 TeV

Deuteron production in high-energy collisions is sensitive to the space–time evolution of the collision system, and is typically described by a coalescence mechanism. For the first time, we present results on jet-associated deuteron production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ =13 TeV, providing an opportunity to test the established picture for deuteron production in events with a hard scattering. Using a trigger particle with high transverse-momentum (p T > GeV/c) as a proxy for the presence of a jet at midrapidity, we observe a measurable population of deuterons being produced around the jet proxy. The associated deuteron yield measured in a narrow angular range around the trigger particle differs by 2.4–4.8 standard deviations from the uncorrelated background. The data are described by PYTHIA model calculations featuring baryon coalescence.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles as a function of mid- and forward rapidity multiplicities in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02, 7 and 13 TeV

The multiplicity dependence of the pseudorapidity density of charged particles in proton–proton (pp) collisions at centre-of-mass energies √s = 5.02, 7 and 13 TeV measured by ALICE is reported. The analysis relies on track segments measured in the midrapidity range (|η| < 1.5). Results are presented for inelastic events having at least one charged particle produced in the pseudorapidity interval |η| < 1. The multiplicity dependence of the pseudorapidity density of charged particles is measured with mid- and forward rapidity multiplicity estimators, the latter being less affected by autocorrelations. A detailed comparison with predictions from the PYTHIA 8 and EPOS LHC event generators is also presented. The results can be used to constrain models for particle production as a function of multiplicity in pp collisions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

First measurement of coherent ρ 0 photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Xe–Xe collisions at s NN = 5.44 TeV

The first measurement of the coherent photoproduction of ρ 0 vector mesons in ultra-peripheral Xe–Xe collisions at s NN = 5.44 TeV is presented. This result, together with previous HERA γ p data and γ –Pb measurements from ALICE, describes the atomic number ( A ) dependence of this process, which is particularly sensitive to nuclear shadowing effects and to the approach to the black-disc limit of QCD at a semi-hard scale. The cross section of the Xe + Xe → ρ 0 + Xe + Xe process, measured at midrapidity through the decay channel ρ 0 → π + π – , is found to be d σ / d y = 131.5 ± 5.6 ( stat . ) – 16.9 + 17.5 ( syst . ) mb. The ratio of the continuum to resonant contributions for the production of pion pairs is also measured. In addition, the fraction of events accompanied by electromagnetic dissociation of either one or both colliding nuclei is reported. The dependence on A of cross section for the coherent ρ 0 photoproduction at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon of the γA system of W γ A , n = 65 GeV is found to be consistent with a power-law behaviour σ ( γ A → ρ 0 A ) ∝ A α with a slope α = 0.96 ± 0.02 ( syst . ) . This slope signals important shadowing effects, but it is still far from the behaviour expected in the black-disc limit.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2021

Long- and short-range correlations and their event-scale dependence in high-multiplicity pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 13 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations are measured in high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV by the ALICE Collaboration. The yields of particle pairs at short-(Δη ~ 0) and long-range (1.6 < |Δη| < 1.8) in pseudorapidity are extracted on the near-side (Δ~ 0). They are reported as a function of transverse momentum (p T ) in the range 1 < p T < 4 GeV/c. Furthermore, the event-scale dependence is studied for the first time by requiring the presence of high-p T leading particles or jets for varying p T thresholds. The results demonstrate that the long-range “ridge” yield, possibly related to the collective behavior of the system, is present in events with high-p T processes as well. The magnitudes of the short- and long-range yields are found to grow with the event scale. The results are compared to EPOS LHC and PYTHIA 8 calculations, with and without string-shoving interactions. It is found that while both models describe the qualitative trends in the data, calculations from EPOS LHC show a better quantitative agreement for the p T dependency, while overestimating the event-scale dependency.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Measurement of beauty and charm production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV via non-prompt and prompt D mesons

The pT-differential production cross sections of prompt and non-prompt (produced in beauty-hadron decays) D mesons were measured by the ALICE experiment at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 5.02 TeV. The data sample used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of (19.3 ± 0.4) nb -1 . D mesons were reconstructed from their decays D 0 → K - π + , D + → K - π + π + , and D$^+_s$→ φπ + → K - K + π + and their charge conjugates. Compared to previous measurements in the same rapidity region, the cross sections of prompt D + and D$^+_s$ mesons have an extended pT coverage and total uncertainties reduced by a factor ranging from 1.05 to 1.6, depending on pT, allowing for a more precise determination of their pT-integrated cross sections. The results are well described by perturbative QCD calculations. The fragmentation fraction of heavy quarks to strange mesons divided by the one to non-strange mesons, f s /(f u + f d ), is compatible for charm and beauty quarks and with previous measurements at different centre-of-mass energies and collision systems. The $b\bar{b}$ production cross section per rapidity unit at midrapidity, estimated from non-prompt D-meson measurements, is d$σ_{b\bar{b}}$/d$y$| |y|<0.5 = $34.5 ± 2.4(stat)^{+4.7}_{-2.9}$(tot.syst) μb. It is compatible with previous measurements at the same centre-of-mass energy and with the cross section pre- dicted by perturbative QCD calculations.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Measurements of mixed harmonic cumulants in Pb–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV

Correlations between moments of different flow coefficients are measured in Pb–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV recorded with the ALICE detector. These new measurements are based on multiparticle mixed harmonic cumulants calculated using charged particles in the pseudorapidity region |η| < 0.8 with the transverse momentum range 0.2 < p T < 5.0 GeV/c. The centrality dependence of correlations between two flow coefficients as well as the correlations between three flow coefficients, both in terms of their second moments, are shown. In addition, a collection of mixed harmonic cumulants involving higher moments of v 2 and v 3 is measured for the first time, where the characteristic signature of negative, positive and negative signs of four-, six- and eight-particle cumulants are observed, respectively. The measurements are compared to the hydrodynamic calculations using iEBE-VISHNU with AMPT and TRENTo initial conditions. It is shown that the measurements carried out using the LHC Run 2 data in 2015 have the precision to explore the details of initial-state fluctuations and probe the nonlinear hydrodynamic response of v 2 and v 3 to their corresponding initial anisotropy coefficients and ε 2 and ε 3 . These new studies on correlations between three flow coefficients as well as correlations between higher moments of two different flow coefficients will pave the way to tighten constraints on initial-state models and help to extract precise information on the dynamic evolution of the hot and dense matter created in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Separating $${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$ from $${^{40}\hbox {Ar}}$$ by cryogenic distillation with Aria for dark-matter searches

Abstract Aria is a plant hosting a $${350}\,\hbox {m}$$ 350 m cryogenic isotopic distillation column, the tallest ever built, which is being installed in a mine shaft at Carbosulcis S.p.A., Nuraxi-Figus (SU), Italy. Aria is one of the pillars of the argon dark-matter search experimental program, lead by the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration. It was designed to reduce the isotopic abundance of $${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$ 39 Ar in argon extracted from underground sources, called Underground Argon (UAr), which is used for dark-matter searches. Indeed, $${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$ 39 Ar is a $$\beta $$ β -emitter of cosmogenic origin, whose activity poses background and pile-up concerns in the detectors. In this paper, we discuss the requirements, design, construction, tests, and projected performance of the plant for the isotopic cryogenic distillation of argon. We also present the successful results of the isotopic cryogenic distillation of nitrogen with a prototype plant.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2021

Production of light-flavor hadrons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}~=~7\text { and }\sqrt{s} = 13 \, \text { TeV} $

The production of \(\pi ^{\pm }\) , \(\mathrm{K}^{\pm }\) , \(\mathrm{K}^{0}_{S}\) , \(\mathrm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}\) , \(\mathrm{p}\) , \(\phi (1020)\) , \(\Lambda \) , \(\Xi ^{-}\) , \(\Omega ^{-}\) , and their antiparticles was measured in inelastic proton–proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of \(\sqrt{s}\) = 13 TeV at midrapidity ( \(|y|<0.5\) ) as a function of transverse momentum ( \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) ) using the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. Furthermore, the single-particle \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) distributions of \(\mathrm{K}^{0}_{S}\) , \(\Lambda \) , and \(\overline{\Lambda }\) in inelastic pp collisions at \(\sqrt{s} = 7\) TeV are reported here for the first time. The \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) distributions are studied at midrapidity within the transverse momentum range \(0\le p_{\mathrm{T}}\le 20\) GeV/ c , depending on the particle species. The \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) spectra, integrated yields, and particle yield ratios are discussed as a function of collision energy and compared with measurements at lower \(\sqrt{s}\) and with results from various general-purpose QCD-inspired Monte Carlo models. A hardening of the spectra at high \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) with increasing collision energy is observed, which is similar for all particle species under study. The transverse mass and \(x_{\mathrm{T}}\equiv 2p_{\mathrm{T}}/\sqrt{s}\) scaling properties of hadron production are also studied. As the collision energy increases from \(\sqrt{s}\) = 7–13 TeV, the yields of non- and single-strange hadrons normalized to the pion yields remain approximately constant as a function of \(\sqrt{s}\) , while ratios for multi-strange hadrons indicate enhancements. The \(p_\mathrm{{T}}\) -differential cross sections of \(\pi ^{\pm }\) , \(\mathrm {K}^{\pm }\) and \(\mathrm {p}\) ( \(\overline{\mathrm{p}}\) ) are compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations, which are found to overestimate the cross sections for \(\pi ^{\pm }\) and \(\mathrm{p}\) ( \(\overline{\mathrm{p}}\) ) at high \(p_\mathrm{{T}}\) .

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2021

Sensitivity of future liquid argon dark matter search experiments to core-collapse supernova neutrinos

Future liquid-argon DarkSide-20k and Argo detectors, designed for direct dark matter search, will be sensitive also to core-collapse supernova neutrinos, via coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. This interaction channel is flavor-insensitive with a high-cross section, enabling for a high-statistics neutrino detection with target masses of ~50 t and ~360 t for DarkSide-20k and Argo respectively. Thanks to the low-energy threshold of ~0.5 keVnr achievable by exploiting the ionization channel, DarkSide-20k and Argo have the potential to discover supernova bursts throughout our galaxy and up to the Small Magellanic Cloud, respectively, assuming a 11-M progenitor star. In this work, we report also on the sensitivity to the neutronization burst, whose electron neutrino flux is suppressed by oscillations when detected via charged current and elastic scattering. Finally, the accuracies in the reconstruction of the average and total neutrino energy in the different phases of the supernova burst, as well as its time profile, are also discussed, taking into account the expected background and the detector response.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

First measurement of quarkonium polarization in nuclear collisions at the LHC

The polarization of inclusive J/ψ and Υ(1S) produced in Pb–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV at the LHC is measured with the ALICE detector. The study is carried out by reconstructing the quarkonium through its decay to muon pairs in the rapidity region 2.5 < y < 4 and measuring the polar and azimuthal angular distributions of the muons. The polarization parameters λ θ , λ φ and λ θφ are measured in the helicity and Collins-Soper reference frames, in the transverse momentum interval 2 < p T < 10 GeV/c and p T < 15 GeV/c for the J/ψ and Υ(1S), respectively. The polarization parameters for the J/ψ are found to be compatible with zero, within a maximum of about two standard deviations at low p T , for both reference frames and over the whole p T range. The values are compared with the corresponding results obtained for pp collisions at √s = 7 and 8 TeV in a similar kinematic region by the ALICE and LHCb experiments. Although with much larger uncertainties, the polarization parameters for Υ(1S) production in Pb–Pb collisions are also consistent with zero

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

SiPM-matrix readout of two-phase argon detectors using electroluminescence in the visible and near infrared range

Proportional electroluminescence (EL) in noble gases is used in two-phase detectors for dark matter searches to record (in the gas phase) the ionization signal induced by particle scattering in the liquid phase. The “standard” EL mechanism is considered to be due to noble gas excimer emission in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV). In addition, there are two alternative mechanisms, producing light in the visible and near infrared (NIR) ranges. The first is due to bremsstrahlung of electrons scattered on neutral atoms (“neutral bremsstrahlung”, NBrS). The second, responsible for electron avalanche scintillation in the NIR at higher electric fields, is due to transitions between excited atomic states. In this work, we have for the first time demonstrated two alternative techniques of the optical readout of two-phase argon detectors, in the visible and NIR range, using a silicon photomultiplier matrix and electroluminescence due to either neutral bremsstrahlung or avalanche scintillation. The amplitude yield and position resolution were measured for these readout techniques, which allowed to assess the detection threshold for electron and nuclear recoils in two-phase argon detectors for dark matter searches. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical application of the NBrS effect in detection science.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2021

Centrality dependence of J /ψ and ψ (2S) production and nuclear modification in p-Pb collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 8 . 16 TeV

The inclusive production of the J/ ψ and ψ (2S) charmonium states is studied as a function of centrality in p-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 8 . 16 TeV at the LHC. The measurement is performed in the dimuon decay channel with the ALICE apparatus in the centre-of-mass rapidity intervals – 4 . 46 < y cms < – 2 . 96 (Pb-going direction) and 2 . 03 < y cms < 3 . 53 (p-going direction), down to zero transverse momentum ( p T ). The J/ ψ and ψ (2S) production cross sections are evaluated as a function of the collision centrality, estimated through the energy deposited in the zero degree calorimeter located in the Pb-going direction. The p T -differential J/ ψ production cross section is measured at backward and forward rapidity for several centrality classes, together with the corresponding average \( \left\langle {p}_{\mathrm{T}}\right\rangle \) and \( \left\langle {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^2\right\rangle \) values. The nuclear effects affecting the production of both charmonium states are studied using the nuclear modification factor. In the p-going direction, a suppression of the production of both charmonium states is observed, which seems to increase from peripheral to central collisions. In the Pb-going direction, however, the centrality dependence is different for the two states: the nuclear modification factor of the J/ ψ increases from below unity in peripheral collisions to above unity in central collisions, while for the ψ (2S) it stays below or consistent with unity for all centralities with no significant centrality dependence. The results are compared with measurements in p-Pb collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5 . 02 TeV and no significant dependence on the energy of the collision is observed. Finally, the results are compared with theoretical models implementing various nuclear matter effects.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Transverse-momentum and event-shape dependence of D-meson flow harmonics in Pb–Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV

The elliptic and triangular flow coefficients v 2 and v 3 of prompt D 0 , D + , and D * + mesons were measured at midrapidity ( | y | < 0.8 ) in Pb–Pb collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of s NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The D mesons were reconstructed via their hadronic decays in the transverse momentum interval 1 < p T < 36 GeV / c in central (0–10%) and semi-central (30–50%) collisions. Compared to pions, protons, and J / ψ mesons, the average D-meson v n harmonics are compatible within uncertainties with a mass hierarchy for p T ≲ 3 GeV / c , and are similar to those of charged pions for higher p T . The coupling of the charm quark to the light quarks in the underlying medium is further investigated with the application of the event-shape engineering (ESE) technique to the D-meson v 2 and p T -differential yields. The D-meson v 2 is correlated with average bulk elliptic flow in both central and semi-central collisions. Within the current precision, the ratios of per-event D-meson yields in the ESE-selected and unbiased samples are found to be compatible with unity. All the measurements are found to be reasonably well described by theoretical calculations including the effects of charm-quark transport and the recombination of charm quarks with light quarks in a hydrodynamically expanding medium.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Production of \(\omega \) mesons in pp collisions at \(\mathbf {\sqrt{s}=7\,\text {TeV}}\)

The invariant differential cross section of inclusive \(\omega (782)\) meson production at midrapidity ( \(|y|<0.5\) ) in pp collisions at \(\sqrt{s}=7\,\hbox {TeV}\) was measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC over a transverse momentum range of \(2< p_{\mathrm {T}}< 17\,\hbox {GeV}/c\) . The \(\omega \) meson was reconstructed via its \(\omega \rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\pi ^0\) decay channel. The measured \(\omega \) production cross section is compared to various calculations: PYTHIA 8.2 Monash 2013 describes the data, while PYTHIA 8.2 Tune 4C overestimates the data by about 50%. A recent NLO calculation, which includes a model describing the fragmentation of the whole vector-meson nonet, describes the data within uncertainties below \(6\,\hbox {GeV}/c\) , while it overestimates the data by up to 50% for higher \(p_{\mathrm {T}}\) . The \(\omega /\pi ^0\) ratio is in agreement with previous measurements at lower collision energies and the PYTHIA calculations. In addition, the measurement is compatible with transverse mass scaling within the measured \(p_{\mathrm {T}}\) range and the ratio is constant with \(C^{\omega /\pi ^{0}}= 0.67 \pm 0.03 \text {~(stat)~} \pm 0.04 \text {~(sys)~}\) above a transverse momentum of \(2.5\,\hbox {GeV}/c\) .

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗