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Barbera, R.

Publications and source records attributed to Barbera, R..

At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Measurements of mixed harmonic cumulants in Pb–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV

Correlations between moments of different flow coefficients are measured in Pb–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV recorded with the ALICE detector. These new measurements are based on multiparticle mixed harmonic cumulants calculated using charged particles in the pseudorapidity region |η| < 0.8 with the transverse momentum range 0.2 < p T < 5.0 GeV/c. The centrality dependence of correlations between two flow coefficients as well as the correlations between three flow coefficients, both in terms of their second moments, are shown. In addition, a collection of mixed harmonic cumulants involving higher moments of v 2 and v 3 is measured for the first time, where the characteristic signature of negative, positive and negative signs of four-, six- and eight-particle cumulants are observed, respectively. The measurements are compared to the hydrodynamic calculations using iEBE-VISHNU with AMPT and TRENTo initial conditions. It is shown that the measurements carried out using the LHC Run 2 data in 2015 have the precision to explore the details of initial-state fluctuations and probe the nonlinear hydrodynamic response of v 2 and v 3 to their corresponding initial anisotropy coefficients and ε 2 and ε 3 . These new studies on correlations between three flow coefficients as well as correlations between higher moments of two different flow coefficients will pave the way to tighten constraints on initial-state models and help to extract precise information on the dynamic evolution of the hot and dense matter created in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Production of light-flavor hadrons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}~=~7\text { and }\sqrt{s} = 13 \, \text { TeV} $

The production of \(\pi ^{\pm }\) , \(\mathrm{K}^{\pm }\) , \(\mathrm{K}^{0}_{S}\) , \(\mathrm{K}^{*}(892)^{0}\) , \(\mathrm{p}\) , \(\phi (1020)\) , \(\Lambda \) , \(\Xi ^{-}\) , \(\Omega ^{-}\) , and their antiparticles was measured in inelastic proton–proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of \(\sqrt{s}\) = 13 TeV at midrapidity ( \(|y|<0.5\) ) as a function of transverse momentum ( \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) ) using the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. Furthermore, the single-particle \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) distributions of \(\mathrm{K}^{0}_{S}\) , \(\Lambda \) , and \(\overline{\Lambda }\) in inelastic pp collisions at \(\sqrt{s} = 7\) TeV are reported here for the first time. The \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) distributions are studied at midrapidity within the transverse momentum range \(0\le p_{\mathrm{T}}\le 20\) GeV/ c , depending on the particle species. The \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) spectra, integrated yields, and particle yield ratios are discussed as a function of collision energy and compared with measurements at lower \(\sqrt{s}\) and with results from various general-purpose QCD-inspired Monte Carlo models. A hardening of the spectra at high \(p_{\mathrm{T}}\) with increasing collision energy is observed, which is similar for all particle species under study. The transverse mass and \(x_{\mathrm{T}}\equiv 2p_{\mathrm{T}}/\sqrt{s}\) scaling properties of hadron production are also studied. As the collision energy increases from \(\sqrt{s}\) = 7–13 TeV, the yields of non- and single-strange hadrons normalized to the pion yields remain approximately constant as a function of \(\sqrt{s}\) , while ratios for multi-strange hadrons indicate enhancements. The \(p_\mathrm{{T}}\) -differential cross sections of \(\pi ^{\pm }\) , \(\mathrm {K}^{\pm }\) and \(\mathrm {p}\) ( \(\overline{\mathrm{p}}\) ) are compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations, which are found to overestimate the cross sections for \(\pi ^{\pm }\) and \(\mathrm{p}\) ( \(\overline{\mathrm{p}}\) ) at high \(p_\mathrm{{T}}\) .

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2021

First measurement of quarkonium polarization in nuclear collisions at the LHC

The polarization of inclusive J/ψ and Υ(1S) produced in Pb–Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV at the LHC is measured with the ALICE detector. The study is carried out by reconstructing the quarkonium through its decay to muon pairs in the rapidity region 2.5 < y < 4 and measuring the polar and azimuthal angular distributions of the muons. The polarization parameters λ θ , λ φ and λ θφ are measured in the helicity and Collins-Soper reference frames, in the transverse momentum interval 2 < p T < 10 GeV/c and p T < 15 GeV/c for the J/ψ and Υ(1S), respectively. The polarization parameters for the J/ψ are found to be compatible with zero, within a maximum of about two standard deviations at low p T , for both reference frames and over the whole p T range. The values are compared with the corresponding results obtained for pp collisions at √s = 7 and 8 TeV in a similar kinematic region by the ALICE and LHCb experiments. Although with much larger uncertainties, the polarization parameters for Υ(1S) production in Pb–Pb collisions are also consistent with zero

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Centrality dependence of J /ψ and ψ (2S) production and nuclear modification in p-Pb collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 8 . 16 TeV

The inclusive production of the J/ ψ and ψ (2S) charmonium states is studied as a function of centrality in p-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 8 . 16 TeV at the LHC. The measurement is performed in the dimuon decay channel with the ALICE apparatus in the centre-of-mass rapidity intervals – 4 . 46 < y cms < – 2 . 96 (Pb-going direction) and 2 . 03 < y cms < 3 . 53 (p-going direction), down to zero transverse momentum ( p T ). The J/ ψ and ψ (2S) production cross sections are evaluated as a function of the collision centrality, estimated through the energy deposited in the zero degree calorimeter located in the Pb-going direction. The p T -differential J/ ψ production cross section is measured at backward and forward rapidity for several centrality classes, together with the corresponding average \( \left\langle {p}_{\mathrm{T}}\right\rangle \) and \( \left\langle {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^2\right\rangle \) values. The nuclear effects affecting the production of both charmonium states are studied using the nuclear modification factor. In the p-going direction, a suppression of the production of both charmonium states is observed, which seems to increase from peripheral to central collisions. In the Pb-going direction, however, the centrality dependence is different for the two states: the nuclear modification factor of the J/ ψ increases from below unity in peripheral collisions to above unity in central collisions, while for the ψ (2S) it stays below or consistent with unity for all centralities with no significant centrality dependence. The results are compared with measurements in p-Pb collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5 . 02 TeV and no significant dependence on the energy of the collision is observed. Finally, the results are compared with theoretical models implementing various nuclear matter effects.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Transverse-momentum and event-shape dependence of D-meson flow harmonics in Pb–Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV

The elliptic and triangular flow coefficients v 2 and v 3 of prompt D 0 , D + , and D * + mesons were measured at midrapidity ( | y | < 0.8 ) in Pb–Pb collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of s NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The D mesons were reconstructed via their hadronic decays in the transverse momentum interval 1 < p T < 36 GeV / c in central (0–10%) and semi-central (30–50%) collisions. Compared to pions, protons, and J / ψ mesons, the average D-meson v n harmonics are compatible within uncertainties with a mass hierarchy for p T ≲ 3 GeV / c , and are similar to those of charged pions for higher p T . The coupling of the charm quark to the light quarks in the underlying medium is further investigated with the application of the event-shape engineering (ESE) technique to the D-meson v 2 and p T -differential yields. The D-meson v 2 is correlated with average bulk elliptic flow in both central and semi-central collisions. Within the current precision, the ratios of per-event D-meson yields in the ESE-selected and unbiased samples are found to be compatible with unity. All the measurements are found to be reasonably well described by theoretical calculations including the effects of charm-quark transport and the recombination of charm quarks with light quarks in a hydrodynamically expanding medium.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Production of \(\omega \) mesons in pp collisions at \(\mathbf {\sqrt{s}=7\,\text {TeV}}\)

The invariant differential cross section of inclusive \(\omega (782)\) meson production at midrapidity ( \(|y|<0.5\) ) in pp collisions at \(\sqrt{s}=7\,\hbox {TeV}\) was measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC over a transverse momentum range of \(2< p_{\mathrm {T}}< 17\,\hbox {GeV}/c\) . The \(\omega \) meson was reconstructed via its \(\omega \rightarrow \pi ^+\pi ^-\pi ^0\) decay channel. The measured \(\omega \) production cross section is compared to various calculations: PYTHIA 8.2 Monash 2013 describes the data, while PYTHIA 8.2 Tune 4C overestimates the data by about 50%. A recent NLO calculation, which includes a model describing the fragmentation of the whole vector-meson nonet, describes the data within uncertainties below \(6\,\hbox {GeV}/c\) , while it overestimates the data by up to 50% for higher \(p_{\mathrm {T}}\) . The \(\omega /\pi ^0\) ratio is in agreement with previous measurements at lower collision energies and the PYTHIA calculations. In addition, the measurement is compatible with transverse mass scaling within the measured \(p_{\mathrm {T}}\) range and the ratio is constant with \(C^{\omega /\pi ^{0}}= 0.67 \pm 0.03 \text {~(stat)~} \pm 0.04 \text {~(sys)~}\) above a transverse momentum of \(2.5\,\hbox {GeV}/c\) .

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Dielectron production in proton-proton and proton-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=5.02TeV

The first measurements of dielectron production at midrapidity (|η e | < 0.8) in proton–proton and proton–lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV at the LHC are presented. The dielectron cross section is measured with the ALICE detector as a function of the invariant mass m ee and the pair transverse momentum p T,ee in the ranges mee < 3.5 GeV/c 2 and p T,ee < 8 GeV/c, in both collision systems. In proton–proton collisions, the charm and beauty cross sections are determined at midrapidity from a fit to the data with two different event generators. This complements the existing dielectron measurements performed at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 and 13 TeV. The slope of the $\sqrt{s}$ dependence of the three measurements is described by FONLL calculations. The dielectron cross section measured in proton–lead collisions is in agreement, within the current precision, with the expected dielectron production without any nuclear matter effects for e + e - pairs from open heavy-flavor hadron decays. For the first time at LHC energies, the dielectron production in proton–lead and proton–proton collisions are directly compared at the same $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ via the dielectron nuclear modification factor R pPb . The measurements are compared to model calculations including cold nuclear matter effects, or additional sources of dielectrons from thermal radiation.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

J/ ψ elliptic and triangular flow in Pb-Pb collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5 . 02 TeV

The inclusive J/ ψ elliptic ( v 2 ) and triangular ( v 3 ) flow coefficients measured at forward rapidity (2 . 5 < y < 4) and the v 2 measured at midrapidity (| y | < 0 . 9) in Pb-Pb collisions at \( \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} \) = 5 . 02 TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC are reported. The entire Pb-Pb data sample collected during Run 2 is employed, amounting to an integrated luminosity of 750 μ b – 1 at forward rapidity and 93 μ b – 1 at midrapidity. The results are obtained using the scalar product method and are reported as a function of transverse momentum p T and collision centrality. At midrapidity, the J/ ψ v 2 is in agreement with the forward rapidity measurement. The centrality averaged results indicate a positive J/ ψ v 3 with a significance of more than 5 σ at forward rapidity in the p T range 2 < p T < 5 GeV/ c . The forward rapidity v 2 , v 3 , and v 3 /v 2 results at low and intermediate p T ( p T ≲ 8 GeV/ c ) exhibit a mass hierarchy when compared to pions and D mesons, while converging into a species-independent curve at higher p T . At low and intermediate p T , the results could be interpreted in terms of a later thermalization of charm quarks compared to light quarks, while at high p T , path-length dependent effects seem to dominate. The J/ ψ v 2 measurements are further compared to a microscopic transport model calculation. Using a simplified extension of the quark scaling approach involving both light and charm quark flow components, it is shown that the D-meson v n measurements can be described based on those for charged pions and J/ ψ flow.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Azimuthal correlations of prompt D mesons with charged particles in pp and p–Pb collisions at \({\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02\ \hbox {TeV}\)

The measurement of the azimuthal-correlation function of prompt D mesons with charged particles in pp collisions at \(\sqrt{s} =5.02\ \hbox {TeV}\) and p–Pb collisions at \(\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02\ \hbox {TeV}\) with the ALICE detector at the LHC is reported. The \(\mathrm{D}^{0}\) , \(\mathrm{D}^{+} \) , and \(\mathrm{D}^{*+} \) mesons, together with their charge conjugates, were reconstructed at midrapidity in the transverse momentum interval \(3< p_\mathrm{T} < 24\ \hbox {GeV}/c\) and correlated with charged particles having \(p_\mathrm{T} > 0.3\ \hbox {GeV}/c\) and pseudorapidity \(|\eta | < 0.8\) . The properties of the correlation peaks appearing in the near- and away-side regions (for \(\Delta \varphi \approx 0\) and \(\Delta \varphi \approx \pi \) , respectively) were extracted via a fit to the azimuthal correlation functions. The shape of the correlation functions and the near- and away-side peak features are found to be consistent in pp and p–Pb collisions, showing no modifications due to nuclear effects within uncertainties. The results are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations performed with the PYTHIA, POWHEG+PYTHIA, HERWIG, and EPOS 3 event generators.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2020

J/ψ production as a function of charged-particle multiplicity in p-Pb collisions at $ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $ = 8.16 TeV

Inclusive J /ψ yields and average transverse momenta in p-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $ = 8 . 16 TeV are measured as a function of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density with ALICE. The J /ψ mesons are reconstructed at forward (2 . 03 < y cms < 3 . 53) and backward ( - 4 . 46 < y cms < - 2 . 96) center-of-mass rapidity in their dimuon decay channel while the charged-particle pseudorapidity density is measured around midrapidity. The J /ψ yields at forward and backward rapidity normalized to their respective average values increase with the normalized charged-particle pseudorapidity density, the former showing a weaker increase than the latter. The normalized average transverse momenta at forward and backward rapidity manifest a steady increase from low to high charged-particle pseudorapidity density with a saturation beyond the average value.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗