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Behera, Rakesh K.

Publications and source records attributed to Behera, Rakesh K..

Reply to Comment on Polymorphism in the 1:1 Charge-Transfer Complex DBTTF-TCNQ and Its Effects on Optical and Electronic Properties

In the article “Polymorphism in the 1:1 Charge-Transfer Complex DBTTF-TCNQ and Its Effects on Optical and Electronic Properties”,1 we reported on two polymorphs of the charge-transfer complex dibenzotetrathiafulvalene–7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (DBTTF-TCNQ). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements performed on each crystal type confirmed the donor:acceptor (D:A) stoichiometry for the previously known α-polymorph and identified it as the same (1:1) for the newly discovered β-polymorph. Selected area electron diffraction confirmed the uniqueness of the crystal structure of each polymorph, though the thin nature of the β-crystals precluded the complete determination of the crystal structure. Nonetheless, a combination of spectroscopic methods, including optical absorption, XPS, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) allowed us to propose a crystal structure for the β-polymorph. The structural differences between the two polymorphs manifested themselves in a differing value of the degree of charge transfer between the donor and acceptor species, ρ, as determined via shifts in the agυ4 mode measured using Raman spectroscopy,2 and differing electrical properties. Additionally, when the crystals were used to fabricate field-effect transistors, the α-polymorph was found to be ambipolar with higher electron mobility than a hole mobility, while the β-polymorph was also found to be ambipolar, but with a higher hole mobility than electron mobility.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Defect formation by pristine indenter at the initial stage of nanoindentation

Nano-indentation is a sophisticated method to characterize mechanical properties of materials. This method samples a very small amount of material during each indentation. Therefore, this method is extremely useful to measure mechanical properties of nano-materials. The measurements using nanoindentation is very sensitive to the surface topology of the indenter and the indenting surfaces. The mechanisms involved in the entire process of nanoindentation require an atomic level understanding of the interplay between the indenter and the substrate. In this paper, we have used atomistic simulation methods with empirical potentials to investigate the effect of various types of pristine indenter on the defect nucleation and growth. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have predicted the load-depth curve for conical, vickers, and sperical tip. The results are analyzed based on the coherency between the indenter tip and substrate surface for a fixed depth of 20 Å. The depth of defect nucleation and growth is observed to be dependent on the tip geometry. A tip with larger apex angle nucleates defects at a shallower depth. However, the type of defect generated is dependent on the crystalline orientation of the tip and substrate. For coherent systems, prismatic loops were generated, which released into the substrate along the close-packed directions with continued indentation. For incoherent systems, pyramidal shaped dislocation junctions formed in the FCC systems and disordered atomic clusters formed in the BCC systems. These defect nucleation and growth process provide the atomistic mechanisms responsible for the observed load-depth response during nanoindentation.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗