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Brown, D. G.

Publications and source records attributed to Brown, D. G..

Equatorial heating and hemispheric decoupling effects on inner magnetospheric core plasma evolution

We have extended our previous semikinetic study of early stage plasmasphere refilling with perpendicular ion heating by removing the restriction that the northern and southern boundaries are identical and incorporating a generalized transport description for the electrons. This allows investigation of the effects of electron heating and a more realistic calculation of electric fields produced by ion and electron temperature anisotropies. The combination of perpendicular ion heating and parallel electron heating leads to an equatorial electrostatic potential peak, which tends to shield and decouple ion flows in the northern and southern hemispheres. Unequal ionospheric upflows in the northern and southern hemispheres lead to the development of distinctly asymmetric densities and other bulk parameters. At t = 5 hour after the initiation of refiling with different source densities (N(sub north) = 100 cu/cm, N(sub south) = 50 cu/cm), the maximum potential drops of the northern and southern hemispheres are 0.6 and 1.3 V, respectively. At this time the minimum ion densities are 11 and 7 cu/cm for the northern and southern hemispheres. DE 1 observations of asymmetric density profiles by Olsen may be consistent with these predictions. Termination of particle heating causes the reduction of equatorial potential and allows interhemispheric coupling. When the inflows from the ionospheres are reduced (as may occur after sunset), decreases in plasma density near the ionospheric regions are observed while the heated trapped ion population at the equator persists.

Lin, J.↗

A semikinetic model for early stage plasmasphere refilling. II - Effects of wave-particle interactions

The paper treats the early stages of plasmasphere refilling along an initially depleted L = 4 magnetic flux tube through a semikinetic model, with special attention given to the effects of wave-particle interactions in which stochastic diffusion of ions in perpendicular velocity due to equatorially concentrated electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves plays a central role. Characteristic individual ion trajectories are examined, as well as the devolution of bulk parameters and ion distribution functions when equal 'polar wind' streams are injected at the northern and southern ionospheres. In the ion trajectories, relatively modest and realistic perpendicular electric field power levels are found to lead to decreased mirror latitudes, substantial acceleration, and equatorial entrainment of these ions. A substantial equatorial density depletion is also found, in agreement with the results of Olsen (1992).

Lin, J.↗

Experimental determination of plume properties in full-scale hydrogen-oxygen rockets

An IR emission/absorption technique for determining radial profiles of static temperature and species partial pressure for cylindrically symmetric combustion gases typical of the effluent of turbine engines and liquid-propellant rockets is described. In the technique, the IR plume radiance and absorption is measured using a 1 x 256-element platinum silicide detector array which is filtered to obtain plume emission measurements in the H2O band near 3.0 microns. A minicomputer is employed to control data acquisition and reduction.

Brown, D. G.↗

Space Shuttle Avionics: a Redundant IMU On-Board Checkout and Redundancy Management System

A failure detection and isolation philosophy applicable to multiple off-the-shelf gimbaled IMUs are discussed. The equations developed are implemented and evaluated with actual shuttle trajectory simulations. The results of these simulations are presented for both powered and unpowered flight phases and at operational levels of four, three, and two IMUs. A multiple system checkout philosophy is developed and simulation results presented. The final task develops a laboratory test plan and defines the hardware and software requirements to implement an actual multiple system and evaluate the interim study results for space shuttle application.

Mckern, R. A.↗