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Buchanan, Paul C.

Publications and source records attributed to Buchanan, Paul C..

Workshop on Extraterrestrial Materials from Cold and Hot Deserts

The workshop was held July 6-8, 1999 before the Meteoritical Society meeting in Johannesburg, South Africa. The venue was Kwa Maritane Resort in the Pilanesburg Game Reserve. Conveners were Ludolf Schultz (Chair, MPI fur Chemie), Ian Franchi (Open University), Arch Reid (University of Houston), and Mike Zolensky (NASA JSC). Extended abstracts will be published as an LPI Technical Report. In the first session, Marvin discussed three African iron meteorites: Cape of Good Hope, Gibeon, and Hoba. Grady presented a statistical analysis of meteorites from hot and cold deserts. Wasson discussed types of Antarctic iron meteorites. Several presentations characterized populations of meteorites from individual desert areas: Libyan Desert (Weber et al.), Nullarbor Region (Bevan et al.), and Mojave Desert (Kring et al. and Verish et al). Pairing among EET87503-group howardites was discussed by Buchanan et al. Based on 14C terrestrial ages of Allan Hills ordinary chondrites, Bland et al. suggested that ice flow may be the principal sink for Antarctic meteorites. The effects of preterrestrial and terrestrial alteration were considered in the second session. Nakamura et al. and Lipschutz discussed asteroidal metamorphism of carbonaceous chondrites. Zolensky presented evidence for preterrestrial halide and sulfide in meteorites. Crozaz and Wadhwa described terrestrial alteration of Dar al Gani 476. Welten and Nishiizumi discussed terrestrial weathering of chondrites from Frontier Mountain, Antarctica. Most of the third session dealt with terrestrial meteorite ages. Based on 14C-10Be ages, Jull et al. discussed the exponential decay in numbers of meteorites with increased age. Nishiizumi et al. concluded that some Allan Hills meteorites have much older terrestrial ages than any meteorites from Lewis Cliffs. Welten et al. discussed terrestrial ages determined by 41Ca/36CI of metal separates from hot desert meteorites. Based on a comparison with large IDPs, Flynn et al. suggested that polar micrometeorites, lost a water-soluble sulfate phase by terrestrial alteration. Nyquist suggested that Type I cosmic spheres from deep sea sediments and polar ice were derived from carbonaceous chondrite-like asteroidal sources. The final session considered noble gases, cosmic ray effects, and thermoluminescence. Calculations presented by Reedy indicate that cosmic ray-produced nuclides are more likely to be preserved in small objects than in larger objects. Murty and Mohapatra. reported that trapped gas in Dar al Gani 476 includes a Martian atmospheric component. Wieler et al. and Scherer et al. reported noble gas abundances in different types of desert meteorites. Patzer and Schultz discussed the influence of terrestrial weathering on cosmic ray exposure ages of enstatite chondrites. Franchi et al. suggested that it is difficult to discriminate whether differences in gas release profiles of lunar meteorites from hot deserts and returned lunar samples are the result of terrestrial weathering or shock metamorphism. Benoit and Sears surveyed natural and induced thermoluminescence of Antarctic ordinary chondrites. Merchel et al. analyzed Saharan meteorites with short or complex exposure histories.

Buchanan, Paul C.↗

Pairing Among the EET87503 Group of Howardites and Polymict Eucrites

The ten HED polymict breccias EET82600, EET87503, EET87509, EET87510, EET87512, EET87513, EET87518, EET87528, EET87531, and EET92022 were found over a broad area in the Elephant Moraine collecting region of Antarctica. Locations are scattered among the Main (Elephant Moraine), Meteorite City, and Texas Bowl icefields and the Northern Ice Patch. It was previously suggested that these polymict breccias are paired. However, degree of terrestrial alteration among these meteorites varies from relatively pristine (type A) to extensively altered (type B/C) and there are textural, mineralogical, and compositional differences. This study is a reevaluation of the pairing of these meteorites.

Buchanan, Paul C.↗

Petrology of the Indian Eucrite Piplia Kalan

Piplia Kalan is an equilibrated eucrite consisting of 60-80 vol.% lithic clasts in a subordinate brecciated matrix. Ophitic/subophitic lithic clasts fall into two groups: finer-grained lithology A and coarser-grained lithology B. Very fine-grained clasts (lithology C) also occur and originally were hypocrystalline in texture. The variety of materials represented in Piplia Kalan suggests cooling histories ranging from quenching or fast crystallization to slower crystallization. Despite textural differences, clasts and matrix have similar mineral and bulk compositions. Thus. Piplia Kalan is probably best classified as a genomict breccia that could represent fragments of a single lava flow or shallow intrusive body, including fine-grained or glassy outer margin and more slowly cooled coarser-grained interior. Piplia Kalan displays evidence of an early shock event, including brecciated matrix and areas of lithic clasts that contain fine-grained, equigranular pyroxene between deformed feldspar laths. The meteorite also displays evidence of at least one episode of thermal metamorphism: hypocrystalline materials are recrystallized to hornfelsic textures and the matrix has a nonporous texture similar to those of eucrites that were affected by post-brecciation heating. Veins of brown glass transect both lithic clasts and brecciated matrix and indicate a second, post-metamorphism shock event.

Buchanan, Paul C.↗