Engineering topics

Chan, Anthony

Publications and source records attributed to Chan, Anthony.

3 records

DOE OSTI2016

Mechanism and Natural Course of Tumor Involution in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Transarterial Ethanol Ablation

PurposeTo evaluate the microvascular distribution of lipiodol–ethanol, the histological change of the tumor lesion, and the status of tumor involution over time in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following transarterial ethanol ablation (TEA), in lesions that showed CT evidence of complete tumor response.Materials and methodsPatients with unresectable HCC were treated (183 patients, 242 lesions) with TEA using lipiodol–ethanol mixture (LEM) mixed in 2:1 ratio by volume and followed with CT at 3-month intervals for a median of 14.1 months. Liver tumors (n = 131) that showed CT evidence of complete tumor response, defined as the absence of any enhancing tumor throughout the follow-up period, were included. The surgical specimens of five patients who subsequently received partial hepatectomy were available for histological assessment. The microvascular distribution of LEM and the degree of tumor necrosis were analyzed. Tumor involution over time was assessed with CT in lesions that showed complete response.ResultsLipid stain revealed lipiodol infiltration throughout arterioles, intratumoral sinusoidal spaces, tumor capsule, and peritumoral portal venules. Complete tumor necrosis (100 %) occurred in all 5 surgical specimens. The median (IQR) percentage tumor volume compared to baseline volumes at 12, 36, and 60 months was 32 % (23.5–52.5 %), 22 % (8–31 %), and 13.5 % (6–21.5 %), respectively.ConclusionIntrahepatic HCC lesion that showed CT evidence of complete tumor response following TEA is associated with histological evidence of LEM infiltration throughout the intratumoral and peritumoral vasculature and complete tumor necrosis, as well as sustained reduction in tumor volume over time.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗

DOE OSTI2013

Exascale Workload Characterization and Architecture Implications

We use a hybrid methodology based on binary instrumentation and performance counters to characterize a set of proxy applications (mini-apps and PETSc applications) representative of a broad range of scientific applications (and particularly DOE's future high performance computing workloads). From this empirical basis, we create statistical models that extrapolate application properties (instruction mix, memory size, and memory bandwidth) as a function of problem size. We validate them and project the first quantitative characterization of an exascale computing workload. Finally, the exascale workload is used to evaluate a radical new exascale architecture, stacked DRAM with processor under memory (PUM). Of the two projections, one shows major potential benefits in using PUM. However, the second, more conservative projection suggests that only a small number of exascale applications are likely to be memory-bandwidth limited, but even these are fundamentally memory-capacity limited.

Balaprakash, Prasanna↗

NASA NTRS1993

Loss of ring current O(+) ions due to interaction with Pc 5 waves

A test particle code is used here to investigate ring current ion interaction with Pc 5 waves, combined with convection and corotation electric fields, with emphasis on the loss of O(+) ions over the dayside magnetosphere. A new loss mechanism for the O(+) ions due to the combined effects of convection and corotation electric fields and interactions with Pc 5 waves via a magnetic drift-bound resonance is presented. For given fields, whether a particle gains or losses energy depends on its initial kinetic energy, pitch angle at the equatorial plane, and the position of its guiding center with respect to the azimuthal phase of the wave. The ring current O(+) ions show a dispersion in energies and L values with decreasing local time across the dayside, and a bulk shift to lower energies and higher L values. Due to interaction with the Pc 5 waves, the particle's kinetic energy can drop below that required to overcome the convection potential and the particle is lost to the dayside magnetopause by a sunward E x B drift.

Li, Xinlin↗