Engineering topics

Clarke, B. D.

Publications and source records attributed to Clarke, B. D..

4 records

DOE OSTI2024

On plasticity-enhanced interfacial toughness in bonded joints

Here, the performance and reliability of many structures and components depend on the integrity of interfaces between dissimilar materials. Interfacial toughness Γ is the key material parameter that characterizes resistance to interfacial crack growth, and Γ is known to depend on many factors including temperature. For example, previous work showed that the toughness of an epoxy/aluminum interface decreased 40 % as the test temperature was increased from -60 °C to room temperature (RT). Interfacial integrity at elevated temperatures is of considerable practical importance. Recent measurements show that instead of continuing to decrease with increasing temperature, Γ increases when test temperature is above RT. Cohesive zone finite element calculations of an adhesively bonded, asymmetric double cantilever beam specimen of the type used to measure Γ suggest that this increase in toughness may be a result of R-curve behavior generated by plasticity-enhanced toughening during stable subcritical crack growth with interfacial toughness defined as the critical steady-state limit value. In these calculations, which used an elastic-perfectly plastic epoxy model with a temperature-dependent yield strength, the plasticity-enhanced increase in Γ above its intrinsic value Γ o depended on the ratio of interfacial strength σ* to the yield strength σyb of the bond material. There is a nonlinear relationship between Γ/Γ o and σ*/σ yb with the value Γ/Γ o increasing rapidly above a threshold value of σ*/σ yb . The predicted increase in toughness can be significant. For example, there is nearly a factor of two predicted increase in Γ/Γ o during micrometer-scale crack-growth when σ*/σ yb = 2 (a reasonable choice for σ*/σ yb ). Furthermore, contrary to other reported results, plasticity-enhanced toughening can occur prior to crack advance as the cohesive zone forms and the peak stress at the tip of the original crack tip translates to the tip of the fully formed cohesive zone. These results suggest that plasticity-enhanced toughening should be considered when modeling interfaces at elevated temperatures.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

NASA NTRS2016

Kepler: A Search for Terrestrial Planets - Kepler Data Characterization Handbook

The Kepler Data Characteristics Handbook (KDCH) provides a description of all phenomena identified in the Kepler data throughout the mission, and an explanation for how these characteristics are handled by the final version of the Kepler Data Processing Pipeline (SOC 9.3).The KDCH complements the Kepler Data Release Notes (KDRNs), which document phenomena and processing unique to a data release. The original motivation for this separation into static, explanatory text and a more journalistic set of figures and tables in the KDRN was for the user to become familiar with the Data Characteristics Handbook, then peruse the short Notes for a new quarter, referring back to the Handbook when necessary. With the completion of the Kepler mission and the final Data Release 25, both the KDCH and the DRN encompass the entire Kepler mission, so the distinction between them is in the level of exposition, not the extent of the time interval discussed.

Kepler↗

NASA NTRS2013

Dynamic Black-Level Correction and Artifact Flagging in the Kepler Data Pipeline

Instrument-induced artifacts in the raw Kepler pixel data include time-varying crosstalk from the fine guidance sensor (FGS) clock signals, manifestations of drifting moiré pattern as locally correlated nonstationary noise and rolling bands in the images which find their way into the calibrated pixel time series and ultimately into the calibrated target flux time series. Using a combination of raw science pixel data, full frame images, reverse-clocked pixel data and ancillary temperature data the Keplerpipeline models and removes the FGS crosstalk artifacts by dynamically adjusting the black level correction. By examining the residuals to the model fits, the pipeline detects and flags spatial regions and time intervals of strong time-varying blacklevel (rolling bands ) on a per row per cadence basis. These flags are made available to downstream users of the data since the uncorrected rolling band artifacts could complicate processing or lead to misinterpretation of instrument behavior as stellar. This model fitting and artifact flagging is performed within the new stand-alone pipeline model called Dynablack. We discuss the implementation of Dynablack in the Kepler data pipeline and present results regarding the improvement in calibrated pixels and the expected improvement in cotrending performances as a result of including FGS corrections in the calibration. We also discuss the effectiveness of the rolling band flagging for downstream users and illustrate with some affected light curves.

Clarke, B. D.↗

NASA NTRS2011

Dynamic Black-Level Correction and Artifact Flagging for Kepler Pixel Time Series

Methods applied to the calibration stage of Kepler pipeline data processing [1] (CAL) do not currently use all of the information available to identify and correct several instrument-induced artifacts. These include time-varying crosstalk from the fine guidance sensor (FGS) clock signals, and manifestations of drifting moire pattern as locally correlated nonstationary noise, and rolling bands in the images which find their way into the time series [2], [3]. As the Kepler Mission continues to improve the fidelity of its science data products, we are evaluating the benefits of adding pipeline steps to more completely model and dynamically correct the FGS crosstalk, then use the residuals from these model fits to detect and flag spatial regions and time intervals of strong time-varying black-level which may complicate later processing or lead to misinterpretation of instrument behavior as stellar activity.

Kolodziejczak, J. J.↗