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Davies, J.

Publications and source records attributed to Davies, J..

10 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Increased Ion Temperature and Neutron Yield Observed in Magnetized Indirectly Driven $\mathrm{D_2}$-Filled Capsule Implosions on the National Ignition Facility

Here, the application of an external 26 Tesla axial magnetic field to a D 2 gas-filled capsule indirectly driven on the National Ignition Facility is observed to increase the ion temperature by 40% and the neutron yield by a factor of 3.2 in a hot spot with areal density and temperature approaching what is required for fusion ignition. The improvements are determined from energy spectral measurements of the 2.45 MeV neutrons from the D(d, n) 3 He reaction, and the compressed central core B field is estimated to be ~4.9 kT using the 14.1 MeV secondary neutrons from the D(T, n) 4 He reactions. The experiments use a 30 kV pulsed-power system to deliver a ~ 3 μs current pulse to a solenoidal coil wrapped around a novel high-electrical-resistivity AuTa 4 hohlraum. Radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations are consistent with the experiment

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Triboelectric backgrounds to radio-based polar ultra-high energy neutrino (UHEN) experiments

Here, in the hopes of observing the highest-energy neutrinos (E EeV) populating the Universe, both past (RICE, AURA, ANITA) and current (RNO-G, ARIANNA, ARA and TAROGE-M) polar-sited experiments exploit the impulsive radio emission produced by neutrino interactions. In such experiments, rare single event candidates must be unambiguously identified above backgrounds. Background rejection strategies to date primarily target thermal noise fluctuations and also impulsive radio-frequency signals of anthropogenic origin. In this paper, we consider the possibility that ‘fake’ neutrino signals may also be generated naturally via the ‘triboelectric effect.’ This broadly describes any process in which force applied at a boundary layer results in displacement of surface charge, leading to the production of an electrostatic potential difference V. Wind blowing over granular surfaces such as snow can induce such a potential difference, with subsequent coronal discharge. Discharges over timescales as short as nanoseconds can then lead to radio-frequency emissions at characteristic MHz–GHz frequencies. Using data from various past (RICE, AURA, SATRA, ANITA) and current (RNO-G, ARIANNA and ARA) neutrino experiments, we find evidence for such backgrounds, which are generally characterized by: (a) a threshold wind velocity which likely depends on the experimental trigger criteria and layout; for the experiments considered herein, this value is typically $\mathscr{O}$(10 m/s), (b) frequency spectra generally shifted to the low-end of the frequency regime to which current radio experiments are typically sensitive (100–200 MHz), (c) for the strongest background signals, an apparent preference for discharges from above-surface structures, although the presence of more isotropic, lower amplitude triboelectric discharges cannot be excluded.

Background rejection↗
DOE OSTI2022

The Magnetized Indirect Drive Project on the National Ignition Facility

A new project is underway at the National Ignition Facility with the goal of applying a seed magnetic field to the fusion fuel in an indirect drive hohlraum implosion and quantifying the effect on the hot-spot temperature, shape and neutron yield. Magnetizing fusion fuel is calculated to reduce heat loss from the implosion core by constraining the motion of electrons and fusion-generated alpha particles; this can improve the chances of achieving high-gain fusion in a laboratory plasma. Here, we describe the goals of this project and the significant scientific and technological challenges which must be overcome for this project to succeed.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
NASA NTRS1999

Infrared Observation of Meteoroid Production by Comet Encke

Comets lose mass primarily in the form of large particles that form meteoroid streams in the comets orbits. At visible wavelengths, comets often have long dust tails directed away from the Sun, consisting of small dust particles being blown away by solar radiation pressure.

infrared meteoroid Comet Encke↗
NASA NTRS1984

Observations of comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock 1983d

Observations of comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock 1983d in the infrared region from 12 to 100 microns are reported. The dominant feature seen in the infrared is an extensive dust tail not reported in visual observations. A dust production rate of 200 kg/s is deduced. The far-infrared spectrum suggests that the radius of a mean grain decreases from 30 to 5 microns along the tail.

Walker, R. G.↗
NASA NTRS1982

A Hand Held Ratioing Radiometer for remote radiance measurements

The small, lightweight Hand Held Ratioing Radiometer (HHRR) measures the ratio of spectral reflectance in any of 25 pairs of narrow bands in the 400 to 2500 nanometer spectral region. Two parallel optical trains view the scene through separate filters mounted in two filter wheels each containing five filters. Absolute reflectance of the scene can also be measured. HHRR is particularly useful for ground truth studies for the interpretation of imagery from Landsat, the thematic mappers and the forthcoming SPOT satellite. Its small size and simplicity of operation make it useful to geologists, botanists, oceanographers and many other geotechnologists.

Daubner, L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Seismicity and plate tectonics in south central Alaska

Hypocenter distribution shows that the Benioff zone associated with the Aleutian arc terminates in interior Alaska some 75 km north of the Denali fault. There appears to be a break in the subducting Pacific plate in the Yentna River-Prince William Sound area which separates two seismically independent blocks, similar to the segmented structure reported for the central Aleutian arc.

Van Wormer, J. D.↗