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Dogariu, Arthur

Publications and source records attributed to Dogariu, Arthur.

5 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Liquid-to-gas transfer of sodium in a liquid cathode glow discharge

Abstract Plasma-liquid interactions have been extensively studied with a focus on the transport of reactive species from the plasma to the liquid phase and their induced liquid phase chemistry and resulting applications. While solute transfer from the liquid to the gas phase in plasmas has been widely used in analytical chemistry, the underlying processes remain relatively unexplored. We report spatially and temporally resolved absolute density measurements of sodium in a plasma with a NaCl solution cathode using two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (TaLIF). The observed non-linear increase in sodium density with solution conductivity is shown to correlate with droplet generation as visualized by Mie scattering. The findings are explained by droplet generation by electrospray induced by Taylor cone formation as underpinning mechanism for the introduction of sodium in the plasma. An analytical sheath model combined with a scaling law shows an increase in electric field force with solution conductivity that is consistent with the observed non-linear increase in sodium density in the plasma with solution conductivity.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Coherent homodyne detection for amplified cross-beam electric-field induced second harmonic

The electric-field induced second harmonic (E-FISH) signal sensing is commonly used as a nonlinear optical technique to probe electric fields inside a plasma region. Cross-beam E-FISH is being investigated to improve spatial resolution by defining the interaction volume via a controlled geometry of two overlapping noncolinear optical beams. This drastic reduction in interaction length of the electric field and laser region results in a significant signal reduction. Here, to overcome this signal reduction, we introduce coherent amplification of the cross-beam E-FISH signal by mixing the low E-FISH signal with a phase-locked bright local oscillator. We demonstrate enhancement of the signal. By introducing a local oscillator we can now derive the polarity of the measured electric field through the phase of the homodyne signal. To illustrate the technique, we, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, measure the magnitude and the direction of the electric field in a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet, which dynamically follows the profile of the applied bias current.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Unraveling Nonequilibrium Generation of Atomic Nitrogen and Hydrogen in Plasma-Aided Ammonia Synthesis

In this study, nonequilibrium generation of atomic nitrogen and hydrogen governing ammonia production both in the gas phase and on the catalyst surface is critical to plasma-aided ammonia synthesis. Here, this work studies the nonequilibrium generation of atomic nitrogen and hydrogen with a focus on the kinetic role of vibrational energy transfer of hydrogen molecules in plasma-aided ammonia synthesis. By combining two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence measurements and plasma kinetic modeling, we found that plasma not only generates ammonia but also produces critical H, N, and NH radicals via both electron impact and vibrational energy transfer excitations. The vibrational energy transfer from the excited hydrogen H 2 (v = 1) to higher vibrational levels H 2 (v = 2–3) via the V–V exchange (H 2 (v)–H 2 (v)) and V–V' exchange (N 2 (v)–H 2 (v)) significantly enhances the H and NH production and then promotes the coupling between N and NH for ammonia synthesis both in the gas phase and on the catalyst surface.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
NASA NTRS2014

Three Component Velocity and Acceleration Measurement Using FLEET

The femtosecond laser electronic excitation and tagging (FLEET) method has been used to measure three components of velocity and acceleration for the first time. A jet of pure N2 issuing into atmospheric pressure air was probed by the FLEET system. The femtosecond laser was focused down to a point to create a small measurement volume in the flow. The long-lived lifetime of this fluorescence was used to measure the location of the tagged particles at different times. Simultaneous images of the flow were taken from two orthogonal views using a mirror assembly and a single intensified CCD camera, allowing two components of velocity to be measured in each view. These different velocity components were combined to determine three orthogonal velocity components. The differences between subsequent velocity components could be used to measure the acceleration. Velocity accuracy and precision were roughly estimated to be +/-4 m/s and +/-10 m/s respectively. These errors were small compared to the approx. 100 m/s velocity of the subsonic jet studied.

Danehy, Paul M.↗