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Doss, Forrest W.

Publications and source records attributed to Doss, Forrest W..

8 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Neural network denoising of x-ray images from high-energy-density experiments

Noise is a consistent problem for x-ray transmission images of High-Energy-Density (HED) experiments because it can significantly affect the accuracy of inferring quantitative physical properties from these images. We consider experiments that use x-ray area backlighting to image a thin layer of opaque material within a physics package to observe its hydrodynamic evolution. The spatial variance of the x-ray transmission across the system due to changing opacity serves as an analog for measuring density in this evolving layer. The noise in these images adds nonphysical variations in measured intensity, which can significantly reduce the accuracy of our inferred densities, particularly at small spatial scales. Denoising these images is thus necessary to improve our quantitative analysis, but any denoising method also affects the underlying information in the image. In this paper, we present a method for denoising HED x-ray images via a deep convolutional neural network model with a modified DenseNet architecture. In our denoising framework, we estimate the noise present in the real (data) images of interest and apply the inferred noise distribution to a set of natural images. These synthetic noisy images are then used to train a neural network model to recognize and remove noise of that character. We show that our trained denoiser network significantly reduces the noise in our experimental images while retaining important physical features.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Studying the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability in convergent geometry under high energy density conditions using the Decel platform

The “Decel” platform at Sandia National Laboratories investigates the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability (RMI) in converging geometry under high energy density conditions [Knapp et al., Phys. Plasmas 27, 092707 (2020)]. In Decel, the Z machine magnetically implodes a cylindrical beryllium liner filled with liquid deuterium, launching a converging shock toward an on-axis beryllium rod machined with sinusoidal perturbations. The passage of the shock deposits vorticity along the Be/D2 interface, causing the perturbations to grow. Here, we present platform improvements along with recent experimental results. To improve the stability of the imploding liner to the magneto Rayleigh–Taylor instability, we modified its acceleration history by shortening the Z electrical current pulse. Next, we introduce a “split rod” configuration that allows two axial modes to be fielded simultaneously in different axial locations along the rod, doubling our data per experiment. We then demonstrate that asymmetric slots in the return current structure modify the magnetic drive pressure on the surface of the liner, advancing the evolution on one side of the rod by multiple ns compared to its 180° counterpart. This effectively enables two snapshots of the instability at different stages of evolution per radiograph with small deviations of the cross-sectional profile of the rod from the circular. Using this platform, we acquired RMI data at 272 and 157 μm wavelengths during the single shock stage. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of these data for benchmarking simulations by comparing calculations using ALEGRA MHD and RageRunner.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2018

Machining Specific Fourier Power Spectrum Profiles into Plastics for High Energy Density Physics Experiments [Machining Specific Fourier Power Spectrum Profiles into Plastics for HEDP Experiments]

In this paper, the High Energy Density Physics program at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has had a multiyear campaign to verify the predictive capability of the interface evolution of shock propagation through different profiles machined into the face of a plastic package with an iodine-doped plastic center region. These experiments varied the machined surface from a simple sine wave to a double sine wave and finally to a multitude of different profiles with power spectrum ranges and shapes to verify LANL’s simulation capability. The MultiMode-A profiles had a band-pass flat region of the power spectrum, while the MultiMode-B profile had two band-pass flat regions. Another profile of interest was the 1-Peak profile, a band-pass concept with a spike to one side of the power spectrum. All these profiles were machined in flat and tilted orientations of 30 and 60 deg. Tailor-made machining profiles, supplied by experimental physicists, were compared to actual machined surfaces, and Fourier power spectra were compared to see the reproducibility of the machining process over the frequency ranges that physicists require.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Three- and two-dimensional simulations of counter-propagating shear experiments at high energy densities at the National Ignition Facility

Three- and two-dimensional numerical studies have been carried out to simulate recent counter-propagating shear flow experiments on the National Ignition Facility. A multi-physics three-dimensional, time-dependent radiation hydrodynamics simulation code is used. Using a Reynolds Averaging Navier-Stokes model, we show that the evolution of the mixing layer width obtained from the simulations agrees well with that measured from the experiments. A sensitivity study is conducted to illustrate a 3D geometrical effect that could confuse the measurement at late times, if the energy drives from the two ends of the shock tube are asymmetric. Implications for future experiments are discussed.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2014

High-Energy-Density Turbulent Mixing Experiments

LANL has been conducting isolated shear experiments at Omega and NIF. The experiments’ mixing layer growth can be profitably simulated and analyzed using the BHR turbulence model. We are also taking orthogonal data to constrain the three-dimensional structure of the turbulence. We anticipate finding interesting results of scaling from Ω to NIF, based on the preliminary data taken this month.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Simulation ensemble for a laser–driven shear experiment

We perform an ensemble of simulations of a laser-driven shear experiment [L. Welser-Sherrill et al., “Two laser-driven mix experiments to study reshock and shear,” High Energy Density Phys. J. 9(3), 496–499 (2013)] in the strong-shock high energy-density regime to better understand material mixing driven by the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability. Each simulation uses a different realization of random initial interface perturbations based on data from targets used in experiments. Validation of the simulations is based on direct comparison of simulation and radiographic data. Simulations are also compared with published direct numerical simulation and the theory of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Despite the fact that the flow is neither homogeneous, isotropic, nor fully turbulent, there are local regions in which the flow demonstrates characteristics of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Our analysis shows characteristics consistent with those of incompressible isotropic turbulence. Our results show that turbulent features are present both near the shock front and in a separated region in the wake of the shock. These features develop and decay at different rates. Finally, we use the ensemble of three-dimensional simulations to test the performance of two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations. In this context, we also test a presumed probability density function turbulent mixing model extensively used in combustion applications.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Analysis of the effects of energy deposition on shock-driven turbulent mixing

We perform simulations of laser-driven turbulence experiments with energy deposition, modeling situations where energy is deposited in a mixing layer before or after it is reshocked. Such situations are experienced in, e.g., inertial confinement fusion capsules. We show that the timing of the energy deposition has a significant impact on the development of turbulent flow and corresponding turbulent material mixing. In particular, if the energy is deposited before the shock wave begins interacting with the mixing layer, the development of turbulence and turbulent mixing are inhibited. If, however, the energy is deposited after the shock wave has interacted with a portion of the mixing layer, turbulence generation and turbulent mixing are enhanced.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗