Engineering topics

Engel, J.

Publications and source records attributed to Engel, J..

6 records

NASA NTRS2001

Phased Array Ultrasonic Evaluation of Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Nozzle Weld

This viewgraph presentation gives an overview of the phased array ultrasonic evaluation of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) nozzle weld. Details are given on the nondestructive testing evaluation approach, conventional shear wave and phased array techniques, and an x-ray versus phased array risk analysis. The field set-up was duplicated to the greatest extent possible in the laboratory and the phased array ultrasonic technique was developed and validated prior to weld evaluation. Results are shown for the phased array ultrasonic evaluation and conventional ultrasonic evaluation results.

James, Steve↗

NASA NTRS2001

Phased Array Ultrasonic Examination of Space Shuttle Main Engine Nozzle Weld

This paper describes a Phased Array Ultrasonic Examination that was developed for the examination of a limited access circumferential Inconel 718 fusion weld of a Space Shuttle Main Engine Nozzle - Cone. The paper discusses the selection and formation criteria used for the phased array focal laws, the reference standard that simulated hardware conditions, the examination concept, and results. Several unique constraints present during this examination included limited probe movement to a single axis and one-sided access to the weld.

James, S.↗

NASA NTRS1985

The effects of density gradients on the convective amplification of upper hybrid waves in the magnetosphere

Intense (at least 10 mV/m) electrostatic plasma waves have been detected near the upper hybrid frequency between + or -50 deg MLAT during recent GEOS-1 crossings. Wave growth rate and convective amplification calculations were carried out in order to explain the occurrence of intense upper hybrid (IUH) events over such a wide range of latitudes. The effects of wave refractions were taken into account in the convective amplification calculations. Specific results are presented for the upper hybrid wave growth of an IUH event occurring at 10 deg MLAT. It is shown that a density gradient may be necessary to explain the observed amplification at 10 deg MLAT. At the equator, however, the long scale length of the magnetic field gradient enables large amplitudes to be attained without a density gradient. The results of a UH ray tracing analysis are discussed within the framework of current theories concerning magnetospheric continuum radiation.

Engel, J.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Effect of parallel refraction on magnetospheric upper hybrid waves

Large amplitude (not less than 10 mV/m) electrostatic plasma waves near the upper hybrid (UH) frequency have been observed from 0 to 50 deg magnetic latitude (MLAT) during satellite plasma-pause crossings. A three-dimensional numerical ray-tracing calculation, based on an electron distribution measured during a GEOS 1 dayside intense upper-hybrid wave event, suggests how UH waves might achieve such large amplitudes away from the geomagnetic equator. Refractive effects largely control the wave amplification and, in particular, the unavoidable refraction due to parallel geomagnetic field gradients restricts growth to levels below those observed. However, a cold electron density gradient parallel to the field can lead to upper hybrid wave growth that can account for the observed emission levels.

Engel, J.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Thematic Mapper (TM) Instrument Description

A detailed description of the thematic mapper (TM) instrument is presented in chart form. A comparison is made between TM and MSS capabilities. Applications for TM data are also included.

Engel, J.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Thematic Mapper Sensor Characteristics

The characteristics of the thematic mapper (TM) sensor onboard the LANDSAT 4 satellite are discussed. Topics include instantaneous field of view size, rise time, delay time, square wave response, bright target recovery, altitude effects, band to band registration, and scan profile linearity.

Engel, J.↗