Engineering topics
Publications and source records attributed to Evensen, D. A..
MOVER uses experimental data to verify mathematical models of "mixed" dynamic systems. The term "mixed" refers to interactive mechanical, hydraulic, electrical, and other components. Program compares analytical transfer functions with experiment.
A parameter-estimation method is described for verifying the mathematical model of mixed (combined interactive components from various engineering fields) dynamic systems against pertinent experimental data. The model verification problem is divided into two separate parts: defining a proper model and evaluating the parameters of that model. The main idea is to use differences between measured and predicted behavior (response) to adjust automatically the key parameters of a model so as to minimize response differences. To achieve the goal of modeling flexibility, the method combines the convenience of automated matrix generation with the generality of direct matrix input. The equations of motion are treated in first-order form, allowing for nonsymmetric matrices, modeling of general networks, and complex-mode analysis. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated for an example problem involving a complex hydraulic-mechanical system.
The dynamic response of turbo-pumps has traditionally been modeled mathematically using electrical networks. A recently developed computer program is used herein to adjust the model parameters (L - inductance, R - resistance, C - capacitance, etc.) of the electrical network in an attempt to bring the analytical response of the network into closer agreement with newly-available experimental results. Results are presented for a fully-wetted (noncavitating) test of a Space-Shuttle Turbo-Pump and a significant improvement in the dynamic model is achieved.
Technique measures structural deformation of materials subjected to wide range of temperatures and other environmental conditions. Effects of convection currents are eliminated by operating a pulsed laser in double pulse mode that exposes hologram twice in quick succession.
Holography is a lensless imaging technique which can be applied to measure static or dynamic displacements of structures. Conventional holography cannot be readily applied to measure vibration modes of high-temperature structures, due to difficulties caused by thermal convection currents. The present report discusses the use of pulsed differential holography, which is a technique for recording structural motions in the presence of random fluctuations such as turbulence. An analysis of the differential method is presented, and demonstration experiments were conducted using heated stainless steel plates. Vibration modes were successfully recorded for the heated plates at temperatures of 1000, 1600, and 2000 F. The technique appears promising for such future measurments as vibrations of the space shuttle TPS panels or recording flutter of aeroelastic models in a wind-tunnel.
The report deals with the use of pulsed, double-exposure holographic interferometry to record the propagation of transverse waves in thin-walled axi-symmetric shells. The report is subdivided into sections dealing with: (1) wave propagation in circular cylindrical shells, (2) wave propagation past cut-outs and stiffeners, and (3) wave propagation in conical shells. Several interferograms are presented herein which show the waves reflecting from the shell boundaries, from cut-outs, and from stiffening rings. The initial response of the shell was nearly axi-symmetric in all cases, but nonsymmetric modes soon appeared in the radial response. This result suggests that the axi-symmetric response of the shell may be dynamically unstable, and thus may preferentially excite certain circumferential harmonics through parametric excitation. Attempts were made throughout to correlate the experimental data with analysis. For the most part, good agreement between theory and experiment was obtained. Occasional differences were attributed primarily to simplifying assumptions used in the analysis. From the standpoint of engineering applications, it is clear that pulsed laser holography can be used to obtain quantitative engineering data. Areas of dynamic stress concentration, stress concentration factors, local anomalies, etc., can be readily determined by holography.
Method photographs vibration modes as high as 100 kHz. Technique also measures vibration decay and damping characteristics. Compensation techniques for structural size limitations and for background noise excitations are discussed.
Double exposure pulsed laser holographic interferometry application to transverse wave propagation in Al plate
Pulsed laser double exposure holographic interferometry for measuring transverse wave propagation in beams
Applications of holography to vibrations, transient response, and wave propagation
Supported rectangular plates HF transverse vibrations by holographic interferometry
Cantilever beam transient response measurement by stored beam /real time/ holographic interferometry combined with high speed motion picture photography
Time-average holographic interferometry applied to HF transverse vibrations of uniform cantilever beam, noting correlation with Timoshenko beam theory
Two dimensional structures large strain elastoplastic analysis by finite element method, using variational principles to derive equilibrium equations
Submerged fuel tank baffles to prevent sloshing in liquid propellant rocket flight
Amplitude frequency relations of nonlinear vibrations in uniform beams with various boundary conditions using perturbation method
Nonlinear flutter of circular cylindrical shell in supersonic flow
Nonlinear flexural vibration analysis using Galerkin method in thin-walled circular cylinders