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Fleury, C.

Publications and source records attributed to Fleury, C..

First and second order convex approximation strategies in structural optimization

In this paper, various methods based on convex approximation schemes are discussed that have demonstrated strong potential for efficient solution of structural optimization problems. First, the convex linearization method (Conlin) is briefly described, as well as one of its recent generalizations, the method of moving asymptotes (MMA). Both Conlin and MMA can be interpreted as first-order convex approximation methods that attempt to estimate the curvature of the problem functions on the basis of semiempirical rules. Attention is next directed toward methods that use diagonal second derivatives in order to provide a sound basis for building up high-quality explicit approximations of the behavior constraints. In particular, it is shown how second-order information can be effectively used without demanding a prohibitive computational cost. Various first-order and second-order approaches are compared by applying them to simple problems that have a closed form solution.

Fleury, C.

Advances in dual algorithms and convex approximation methods

A new algorithm for solving the duals of separable convex optimization problems is presented. The algorithm is based on an active set strategy in conjunction with a variable metric method. This first order algorithm is more reliable than Newton's method used in DUAL-2 because it does not break down when the Hessian matrix becomes singular or nearly singular. A perturbation technique is introduced in order to remove the nondifferentiability of the dual function which arises when linear constraints are present in the approximate problem.

Smaoui, H.

Minimizing Weight of Structural Designs

Approximation Concepts Code for Efficient Structural Synthesis (ACCESS3) combines methods to offer structural system designer powerful, efficient tool for synthesis of minimum-weight designs. Approximation concepts convert general structural synthesis problem into sequence of explicit problems of separable algebraic form; dual method exploits separable form to construct sequence of explicit dual functions.

Schmit, L. A., Jr.

ACCESS computer program for the synthesis of large structural systems

The structural-synthesis computer code ACCESS-3, originally limited to the optimization of relatively simple problems involving truss, membrane, and shear panel elements, has been restructured to make it applicable to structures with a larger number of degrees-of-freedom, design variables, and constraints. The modifications made allow the use of six degrees-of-freedom per node and permit the out-of-core solution of large matrix equations encountered at the analysis stage. Also, finite elements which permit pure bending as well as combined bending and membrane (axial) behavior have been added to satisfy the need for a more comprehensive set of elements. Like its predecessor, the new version of the program combines the approximation concepts with primal or dual formulations to provide an efficient optimization tool.

Fleury, C.

Resizing structures for minimum weight

Approximation concepts and dual-method algorithms are combined in method of minimum-weight design for structures. Approximation Concepts Code for Efficient Structural Synthesis (ACCESS3) program is powerful research tool in which mathematical programming and optimality criteria are coalesced in efficient structural weight-minimization method.

Fleury, C.

Dual methods and approximation concepts in structural synthesis

Approximation concepts and dual method algorithms are combined to create a method for minimum weight design of structural systems. Approximation concepts convert the basic mathematical programming statement of the structural synthesis problem into a sequence of explicit primal problems of separable form. These problems are solved by constructing explicit dual functions, which are maximized subject to nonnegativity constraints on the dual variables. It is shown that the joining together of approximation concepts and dual methods can be viewed as a generalized optimality criteria approach. The dual method is successfully extended to deal with pure discrete and mixed continuous-discrete design variable problems. The power of the method presented is illustrated with numerical results for example problems, including a metallic swept wing and a thin delta wing with fiber composite skins.

Fleury, C.

Discrete-continuous variable structural synthesis using dual methods

Approximation concepts and dual methods are extended to solve structural synthesis problems involving a mix of discrete and continuous sizing type of design variables. Pure discrete and pure continuous variable problems can be handled as special cases. The basic mathematical programming statement of the structural synthesis problem is converted into a sequence of explicit approximate primal problems of separable form. These problems are solved by constructing continuous explicit dual functions, which are maximized subject to simple nonnegativity constraints on the dual variables. A newly devised gradient projection type of algorithm called DUAL 1, which includes special features for handling dual function gradient discontinuities that arise from the discrete primal variables, is used to find the solution of each dual problem. Computational implementation is accomplished by incorporating the DUAL 1 algorithm into the ACCESS 3 program as a new optimizer option. The power of the method set forth is demonstrated by presenting numerical results for several example problems, including a pure discrete variable treatment of a metallic swept wing and a mixed discrete-continuous variable solution for a thin delta wing with fiber composite skins.

Schmit, L. A.

ACCESS 3. Approximation concepts code for efficient structural synthesis: User's guide

A user's guide is presented for ACCESS-3, a research oriented program which combines dual methods and a collection of approximation concepts to achieve excellent efficiency in structural synthesis. The finite element method is used for structural analysis and dual algorithms of mathematical programming are applied in the design optimization procedure. This program retains all of the ACCESS-2 capabilities and the data preparation formats are fully compatible. Four distinct optimizer options were added: interior point penalty function method (NEWSUMT); second order primal projection method (PRIMAL2); second order Newton-type dual method (DUAL2); and first order gradient projection-type dual method (DUAL1). A pure discrete and mixed continuous-discrete design variable capability, and zero order approximation of the stress constraints are also included.

Fleury, C.

An improved analysis/synthesis capability based on dual methods - ACCESS 3

Approximation concepts and dual method algorithms are combined to create a new method for minimum weight design of structural systems. Approximation concepts convert the basic mathematical programming statement of the structural synthesis problem into a sequence of explicit primal problems of separable form. These problems are solved by constructing explicit dual functions, which are maximized subject to nonnegativity constraints. The dual method is successfully extended to deal with pure discrete and mixed continuous-discrete design variable problems. The power of the method presented is illustrated with numerical results for example problems, including a thin delta wing with fiber composite skins.

Schmit, L. A.