Engineering topics

Froechtenigt, J. F.

Publications and source records attributed to Froechtenigt, J. F..

7 records

NASA NTRS1978

Experimental investigation of contamination prevention techniques to cryogenic surfaces on board orbiting spacecraft

Within the simulation limitations of on-orbit conditions, it was demonstrated that a helium purge system could be an effective method for reducing the incoming flux of contaminant species. Although a generalized purge system was employed in conjunction with basic telescope components, the simulation provided data that could be used for further modeling and design of a specific helium injection system. Experimental telescope pressures required for 90% attenuation appeared to be slightly higher (factor of 2 to 5). Cooling the helium purge gas and telescope components from 300 to 140 K had no measurable effect on stopping efficiency of a given mass flow of helium from the diffuse injector.

Hetrick, M. A.↗

NASA NTRS1976

Polishing technique for beryllium mirror

Performance tests, accomplished by inserting entire X ray telescope and polished mirror into vacuum line 67 m long and taking photographs of an X ray resolution source, indicate that polishing increases mirror efficiency from 0.06 percent for X rays at 0.8 nm and increases resolution from 15 to 3.75 arc-seconds.

Froechtenigt, J. F.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Investigation of SL 1115 X-ray telescope

A polished Kanigen coated beryllium mirror to be used in a glancing incidence X-ray telescope was evaluated. X-ray photographs of the image of a standard high resolution test target were recorded at 8.34 A and the focal plane of the telescope was determined. Reflection efficiency data was obtained using proportional counters and sources at wavelengths of 8.34, 13.3, and 44 A. These data were compared with similar data taken with another metal mirror. The results of the comparison are that the mirror tested in this program shows better resolution and less scattering than the other mirror previously tested. This mirror was chosen as the flight mirror for the SL 1115 X-Ray Telescope to fly on a Skylark sounding rocket. Also, a position sensitive detector placed in the focal plane of the SL 1115 X-Ray Telescope (flight payload) was successfully calibrated using a 10 arc second point source and at wavelengths of 8.34, 13.3, 27, and 44 A.

Froechtenigt, J. F.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Development study of the X-ray scattering properties of a group of optically polished flat samples

Four optically polished flat samples were tested at wavelengths of 8.34 A, 13.3 A, and 44 A and 0.5 deg, 0.92 deg, 1.5 deg, 2.0 deg and 4.0 deg angle of incidence. The four samples were also tested at 8.34 A and 0.92 deg angle of incidence for three additional angular orientations about an axis normal to the sample surface: 45 deg, 90 deg and 180 deg from the 0 deg position. The tests indicate that the scattering was greater at 44 A than at 13.3 A and 8.34 A. The orientation tests indicated that no great irregularities were present.

Froechtenigt, J. F.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Study of X-ray optics

The testing is reported of a polished Kanigen coated beryllium mirror in a soft X-ray telescope to be flown on a Skylark sounding rocket. This test involved inserting the telescope in a 220 foot long vacuum line and taking photographs of an X-ray resolution source. These photographs were then used to evaluate the performance of the telescope mirror as a function of distance from the focal plane and the angular distance off the telescope axis. A second test was made in which a point source was used to study the imaging characteristics by means of a pinhole and proportional counter placed in the telescope focal plane. A third test was conducted using a position sensitive detector. The efficiency and resolution was increased by polishing.

Froechtenigt, J. F.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Development study of the X-ray scattering properties of a group of optically polished flat samples

A group of twelve optically polished flat samples were used to study the scattering of X-rays. The X-ray beam reflected from the twelve optical flat samples was analyzed by means of a long vacuum system of special design for these tests. The scattering measurements were made at 8.34A and 0.92 deg angle of incidence. The results for ten of the samples are comparable, the two exceptions being the fire polished samples.

Froechtenigt, J. F.↗

NASA NTRS1972

X-ray scattering study

A soft X-ray glancing incidence telescope mirror and a group of twelve optical flat samples were used to study the scattering of X-rays. The mirror was made of Kanigen coated beryllium and the images produced were severely limited by scattering of X-rays. The best resolution attained was about fifteen arc seconds. The telescope efficiency was found to be 0.0006. The X-ray beam reflected from the twelve optical flat samples was analyzed by means of a long vacuum system of special design for these tests. The scattering then decreased with increasing angle of incidence until a critical angle was passed. At larger angles the scattering increased again. The samples all scattered more at 44 A than at 8 A. Metal samples were found to have about the same scattering at 44 A but greater scattering at 8 A than glass samples.

Wriston, R. S.↗