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Hackett, Gregory

Publications and source records attributed to Hackett, Gregory.

102 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Electronic structural, optical and phonon lattice dynamical properties of pure- and La-doped SrTiO 3 : An ab initio thermodynamics study

To better understand the electronic, optical, and thermodynamic behaviors of lanthanum doped strontium titanate (La-STO) with different doping levels at high temperature, ab initio thermodynamics have been employed to investigate their electronic structures and thermodynamic evolutions versus temperatures. Here, the results show that with increasing La-doping level, the corresponding structures of La-STO become less stable with an increasing number of phonon soft modes. The calculated thermodynamic properties show that with increasing La-doping levels, the free energy and enthalpy changes of La-STOs are decreased at given temperature. For all La-STOs with different La-doping levels investigated, we found that in three cases doping with 25%, 37.5% and 75% La over Sr, the diagonal elements of their dielectric constant matrix are not all equal, which means these crystal structures are uniaxial and anisotropic. Our results indicate that doping La into STO could alter the optical properties of pure STO to be birefringent.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2015

Integrating the PNNL SOFC Multi-Physics Model into the NETL Aspen System Model as a Reduced Order Model

Conference presentation from the 16th Annual SOFC Workshop that highlights the integration and validation of the PNNL SOFC model into NETL SOFC system models. The integration strengthens NETL's analyses by incorporating state-of-the-art industry performance data that can be used to inform real and achievable future targets for the cost and performance of SOFC technology.

Hackett, Gregory↗
DOE OSTI2013

Microstructure degradation of YSZ in Ni/YSZ anodes of SOFC operated in phosphine-containing fuels

The interaction of trace (ppm) phosphine with the nickel/yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anode of commercial solid oxide fuel cells has been investigated and evaluated for both synthesis gas and hydrogen fuels in an effort to examine P–Y reactions. The Ni poisoning effects reported in literature were confirmed and degradation was examined by electrochemical methods and post-test microstructural and chemical analyses. The results indicate that P-induced degradation rates and mechanisms are fuel dependent and that degradation of cells operated in synthesis gas (syngas) with phosphine is more severe than that of cells operated in hydrogen with phosphine. As reported in published literature, a cell operated in syngas containing 10 ppm phosphine demonstrated significant microstructural degradation within the Ni phase, including formation of Ni–P phases concentrated on the outer layer of the anode and significant pitting corrosion in the Ni grains. In this research, a previously undetected YPO{sub 4} phase is observed at the YSZ/YSZ/Ni triple grain junctions located at the interface with the YSZ electrolyte. Tetragonal YSZ (t-YSZ) and cubic-YSZ (c-YSZ) domains with sizes of several tens of nanometers are also newly observed along the Ni/YSZ interface. These observations contrast with data obtained for a cell operated in dry hydrogen with phosphine, where no YPO{sub 4} phase is observed and the alternating t-YSZ and c-YSZ domains at the Ni/YSZ interface are smaller with typical sizes of 5–10 nm. The data imply that electrolyte attack by P is a potentially debilitating mode of degradation in SOFC anodes, and that the associated reaction mechanisms and rates are worthy of further examination.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗
DOE OSTI2011

Microstructural and chemical evolution near anode triple phase boundary in Ni/YSZ solid oxide fuel cells

In this study, we report the micro-structural and chemical evolution of anode grain boundaries and triple phase boundary (TPB) junctions of Ni/YSZ anode supported solid oxide fuel cells. A NiO phase was found to develop along the Ni/YSZ interfaces extending to TPBs in the operated cells. The thickness of the NiO ribbon phase remains constant at ~ 5 nm in hydrogen for operating durations up to 540 h. When operating on synthesis gas, an increase in interphase thickness was observed from ~ 11 nm for 24 h of operation to ~ 51 nm for 550 h of operation. YSZ phases are observed to be stable in H{sub 2} over 540 h of operation. However, for the cell operated in syngas for 550 h, a 5–10 nm tetragonal YSZ (t-YSZ) interfacial layer was identified that originated from the Ni/YSZ interfaces. Yttrium species seem to segregate to the interfaces during operation, leading to the formation of t-YSZ in the Y-depleted regions.

Anode↗