Engineering topics

Hang, Zheng

Publications and source records attributed to Hang, Zheng.

8 records

DOE OSTI2012

Communication: Engineered tunable decay rate and controllable dissipative dynamics

We investigate the steering dissipative dynamics of a two-level system (qubit) by means of the modulation of an assisted tunneling degree of freedom which is described by a quantum-oscillator spin-boson model. Our results reveal that the decoherence rate of the qubit can be significantly suppressed and simultaneously its quality factor is enhanced. Moreover, the modulated dynamical susceptibility exhibits a multi-peak feature which is indicative of the underlying structure and measurable in experiment. Our findings demonstrate that the interplay between the combined degrees of freedom and the qubit is crucial for reducing the dissipation of qubit and expanding the coherent regime of quantum operation much large. The strategy might be used to fight against deterioration of quantum coherence in quantum information processing.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2011

Importance of counter-rotating coupling in the superfluid-to-Mott-insulator quantum phase transition of light in the Jaynes-Cummings lattice

The quantum phase transition between Mott insulator and superfluid is studied in the two-dimensional Jaynes-Cummings square lattice in which the counter-rotating coupling (CRC) is included. Both the ground state and the spectra of low-lying excitations are obtained with use of a sophisticated unitary transformation. This CRC is shown not only to induce a long-range interaction between cavities, favoring the long-range superfluid order, but also to break the conservation of local polariton number at each site, leading to the absence of the Mott lobes in the phase diagram, in sharp contrast with the case without the CRC as well as that of the Bose-Hubbard model.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

DOE OSTI2010

Quantum interference due to energy shifts and its effect on spontaneous emission

We study the quantum interference in spontaneous emission with the inclusion of counterrotating terms and energy shifts. The energy shifts come from the emission and then reabsorption of virtual photons as well as the real photon emission. We show that the quantum interference resulting from the energy shifts has significant influence on the effective decay rates of the two levels, even when the transition dipole elements are the same and the energy separation of the two levels is small. We also show that the energy shift has substantial influence on the spectrum emitted by the atom. The result is valid in the long time limit. The effect of the energy shift can be observed at the time scale of 1 over the atomic decay rate. We suggest an experiment to test the effect of quantum interference because of energy shifts on the emission spectrum.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2010

Interference between driving and dissipation in the spin-boson model: Effect of counter-rotating terms

The quantum dynamics of the dissipative two-level system in the Ohmic bath with Rabi driving is studied by means of a modified Bloch-Redfield approach based on a unitary transformation. The main purpose is to understand the effect of counter-rotating terms of the system-environment interaction on the dynamics of the two-level system and, in particular, if it is possible to control the effective system-environment coupling by their effect on the interference between driving and dissipation. By calculating the nonequilibrium correlation P(t) for a finite driving it is shown that the counter-rotating terms of the system-environment interaction play an important role in the dynamic evolution with a longer coherent time and a weaker amplitude of the long-time driven oscillation.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2010

Control of the Lamb shift by a driving field

A unitary transformation approach is used to study the energy level shift of the atom coupled to both a vacuum electromagnetic field and a driving laser. The Lamb shift of the energy levels is shown to depend on the Rabi frequency and the detuning of the driving laser, which couples another pair of levels.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2010

Experimental Study Of Polyformaldehyde Propellants Seeded With Micron-Scale Aluminum Powder For Laser Propulsion

The propulsion performance of polyoxymethylene (POM) seeded with micron-scale aluminum (muAl) powder has been studied experimentally with CO{sub 2} lasers. The results show that the momentum coupling coefficient (C{sub m}) and specific impulse (I{sub sp}) of POM seeded with muAl powder is almost the same as pure POM at lower power density (<1centre dot7x10{sup 6} W/cm{sup 2}). At higher power density (>1centre dot7xl0{sup 6} W/cm{sup 2}), C{sub m} of POM seeded with muAl powder decreases significantly while I{sub sp} increases significantly. When this material is put into a cylindrical nozzle, the measured maximum C{sub m} and I{sub sp} can raise to 40.1 dyne/W and 1361 s, respectively. The energy usage ratio is over 100%, which indicates that the aluminum powder may react chemically with the air under the constraint condition. This conclusion was verified experimentally both in atmosphere and vacuum conditions.

42 ENGINEERING↗

DOE OSTI2010

Quantum anti-Zeno effect without rotating wave approximation

In this article, we systematically study the spontaneous decay phenomenon of a two-level system under the influences of both its environment and repetitive measurements. In order to clarify some well-established conclusions about the quantum Zeno effect (QZE) and the quantum anti-Zeno effect (QAZE), we do not use the rotating wave approximation (RWA) in obtaining an effective Hamiltonian. We examine various spectral distributions by making use of our present approach in comparison with other approaches. It is found that with respect to a bare excited state even without the RWA, the QAZE can still happen for some cases, for example, the interacting spectra of hydrogen. However, for a physical excited state, which is a renormalized dressed state of the atomic state, the QAZE disappears and only the QZE remains. These discoveries inevitably show a transition from the QZE to the QAZE as the measurement interval changes.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2010

Time evolution, Lamb shift, and emission spectra of spontaneous emission of two identical atoms

A unitary transformation method is used to investigate the dynamic evolution of two multilevel atoms, in the basis of symmetric and antisymmetric states, with one atom being initially prepared in the first excited state and the other in the ground state. The unitary transformation guarantees that our calculations are based on the ground state of the atom-field system and the self-energy is subtracted at the beginning. The total Lamb shifts of the symmetric and antisymmetric states are divided into transformed shift and dynamic shift. The transformed shift is due to emitting and reabsorbing of virtual photons, by a single atom (nondynamic single atomic shift) and between the two atoms (quasi-static shift). The dynamic shift is due to the emitting and reabsorbing of real photons, by a single atom (dynamic single atomic shift) and between the two atoms (dynamic interatomic shift). The emitting and reabsorbing of virtual and real photons between the two atoms result in the interatomic shift, which does not exist for the one-atom case. The spectra at the long-time limit are calculated. If the distance between the two atoms is shorter than or comparable to the wavelength, the strong coupling between the two atoms splits the spectrum into two peaks, one from the symmetric state and the other from the antisymmetric state. The origin of the red or blue shifts for the symmetric and antisymmetric states mainly lies in the negative or positive interaction energy between the two atoms. In the investigation of the short time evolution, we find the modification of the effective density of states by the interaction between two atoms can modulate the quantum Zeno and quantum anti-Zeno effects in the decays of the symmetric and antisymmetric states.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗