Search NASA⌕ Search

Engineering topics

Huang, K.

Publications and source records attributed to Huang, K..

At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Visualization of Chiral Electronic Structure and Anomalous Optical Response in a Material with Chiral Charge Density Waves

Chiral materials have attracted significant research interests as they exhibit intriguing physical properties, such as chiral optical response, spin-momentum locking, and chiral induced spin selectivity. Recently, layered transition metal dichalcogenide 1T–TaS 2 has been found to host a chiral charge density wave (CDW) order. Nevertheless, the physical consequences of the chiral order, for example, in electronic structures and the optical properties, are yet to be explored. Here, we report the spectroscopic visualization of an emergent chiral electronic band structure in the CDW phase, characterized by windmill-shaped Fermi surfaces. Further, we uncover a remarkable chirality-dependent circularly polarized Raman response due to the salient in-plane chiral symmetry of CDW, although the ordinary circular dichroism vanishes. Chiral Fermi surfaces and anomalous Raman responses coincide with the CDW transition, proving their lattice origin. Our Letter paves a path to manipulate the chiral electronic and optical properties in two-dimensional materials and explore applications in polarization optics and spintronics.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2021

Measurement of the energy dependence of the e+e- → $ B\overline{B} $, $ B{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $ and $ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $ exclusive cross sections

We report the first measurement of the exclusive cross sections e + e - → $B\overline{B}$, e + e - → $B{\overline{B}}^{\ast }$, and e + e - → ${B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast }$ in the energy range from 10.63 GeV to 11.02 GeV. The B mesons are fully reconstructed in a large number of hadronic final states and the three channels are identified using a beam-constrained-mass variable. The shapes of the exclusive cross sections show oscillatory behavior with several maxima and minima. The results are obtained using data collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e + e - collider.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2021

Observation of topological Dirac fermions and surface states in superconducting BaSn3

The interplay between topological electronic structure and superconductivity has attracted tremendous research interests recently as they could induce topological superconductivity (TSCs) which may be used to realize topological qubits for quantum computation. Among various TSC candidates, superconducting BaSn 3 (T c ~ 4.4K) has been predicted to be a topological Dirac semimetal (TDS) hosting two pairs of Dirac points along the Γ-A direction. Here, by combining the use of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio calculations, we identified the predicted topological Dirac fermions and confirmed the TDS nature of the compound. In addition, we observed surface states connecting the Dirac points. Our observations demonstrate BaSn 3 as a superconductor with nontrivial topological electronic structures.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2021

Search for the dark photon in B 0 → A'A', A' → e + e – , μ + μ – , and π + π – decays at Belle

We present a search for the dark photon A' in the B 0 → A'A' decays, where A' subsequently decays to e + e – , μ + μ – , and π + π – . The search is performed by analyzing 772 × 10 6 $B$$\overline{B}$ events collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e + e – energy-asymmetric collider at the Υ(4S) resonance. No signal is found in the dark photon mass range 0.01 GeV/c 2 ≤ m A' ≤ 2.62 GeV/c 2 , and we set upper limits of the branching fraction of B0 → A'A' at the 90% confidence level. The products of branching fractions, B(B 0 →A'A')×B(A'→e + e – ) 2 and B(B 0 →A'A')×B(A'→μ + μ – ) 2 , have limits of the order of 10 –8 depending on the A' mass. Furthermore, considering A' decay rate to each pair of charged particles, the upper limits of B(B 0 →A'A') are of the order of 10 –8 –10 –5 . From the upper limits of B(B 0 →A'A'), we obtain the Higgs portal coupling for each assumed dark photon and dark Higgs mass. The Higgs portal couplings are of the order of 10 –2 –10 –1 at m h' ≃m B 0 ± 40 MeV/c 2 and 10 –1 –1 at m h' ≃m B 0 ± 3 GeV/c 2 .

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2021

Measurement of electronic structure and surface reconstruction in the superionic Cu 2-x Te

Recently, layered copper chalcogenides Cu 2 X family (X=S, Se, Te) has attracted tremendous research interests due to their high thermoelectric performance, which is partly due to the superionic behavior of mobile Cu ions, making these compounds "phonon liquids."Here, we systematically investigate the electronic structure and its temperature evolution of the less studied single crystal Cu 2-x Te by the combination of angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscope/spectroscopy (STM/STS) experiments. While the band structure of the Cu 2-x Te shows agreement with the calculations, we clearly observe a 2×2 surface reconstruction from both our low temperature ARPES and STM/STS experiments which survives up to room temperature. Interestingly, our low temperature STM experiments further reveal multiple types of reconstruction patterns, which suggests the origin of the surface reconstruction being the distributed deficiency of liquidlike Cu ions. Our findings reveal the electronic structure and impurity level of Cu 2 Te, which provides knowledge about its thermoelectric properties from the electronic degree of freedom.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2020

Superconductivity in single crystals of ZrP 1.27 Se 0.73

Results are reported for single crystals of the PbFCl-type layered compound ZrP 1.27 Se 0.73 that were produced using the iodine vapor transport method. Electrical transport, magnetization, and heat capacity measurements reveal disordered metallic behavior and the occurrence of bulk superconductivity, with a transition temperature (T c ) of 7.1 K and an anisotropic orbitally limited upper critical field. 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance measurements provide additional microscopic information, where the line shape, Knight shift, and spin-lattice relaxation data are consistent with the superconductivity originating from the corrugated Zr-P(2c)/Se plane. This suggests that the superconductivity first forms in the corrugated plane and the bulk superconductivity eventually occurs via coupling between the square planar layers. These data also show that either there are multiple superconducting gaps or there is a single gap that does not fully open across the entire Fermi surface. Finally, these results clarify the superconducting state in this material and will enable further measurements that require single-crystal specimens.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2019

Azimuthal asymmetries of back-to-back π ± - ( π 0 , η , π ± ) pairs in e + e - annihilation

This work reports the first observation of azimuthal asymmetries around the thrust axis in e + e – annihilation of pairs of back-to-back charged pions in one hemisphere, and π 0 and η mesons in the opposite hemisphere. These results are complemented by a new analysis of pairs of back-to-back charged pions. The π 0 and η asymmetries rise with the relative momentum z of the detected hadrons as well as with the transverse momentum with respect to the thrust axis. These asymmetries are sensitive to the Collins fragmentation function $H$ $^{1}_{⊥}$ and provide complementary information to previous measurements with charged pions and kaons in the final state. In particular, the η final states will provide additional information on the flavor structure of $H$ $^{1}_{⊥}$. This is the first measurement of the explicit transverse-momentum dependence of the Collins fragmentation function from Belle data. It uses a dataset of 980.4 fb –1 collected by the Belle experiment at or near a center- of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2019

First measurement of the CKM angle Φ 3 with $B^±→ D({K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0π^+π^–π^0)K^±$ decays

We present the first model-independent measurement of the CKM unitarity triangle angle Φ 3 using B ± → D ( \( {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0 \) π + π – π 0 ) K ± decays, where D indicates either a D 0 or \( \overline{D} \) 0 meson. Measurements of the strong-phase difference of the D → \( {K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0 \) π + π – π 0 amplitude obtained from CLEO-c data are used as input. This analysis is based on the full Belle data set of $772 × 10^6 B$ \( \overline{B} \) events collected at the Υ(4 S ) resonance. We obtain Φ 3 = ( \( {5.7}_{-8.8}^{+10.2} \) ± 3 . 5 ± 5 . 7) ° and the suppressed amplitude ratio r B = 0 . 323 ± 0 . 147 ± 0 . 023 ± 0 . 051. Here the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the experimental systematic, and the third is due to the precision of the strong-phase parameters measured from CLEO-c data. The 95% confidence interval on Φ 3 is ( – 29 . 7 , 109 . 5) ° , which is consistent with the current world average.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2019

Observation of τ – → π – ν τ e + e – and search for τ – → π – ν τ μ + μ –

We present the first measurements of branching fractions of rare tau-lepton decays, τ – → π – ν τ ℓ + ℓ – (ℓ = e or μ), using a data sample corresponding to 562 fb –1 collected at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e + e – collider. The τ – → π – ν τ e + e – decay is observed for the first time with 7.0σ significance. The partial branching fraction determined by the structure-dependent mechanisms mediated by either a vector or an axial-vector current for the mass region M πee > 1.05 GeV/c 2 is measured to be B(τ – → π – ν τ e + e – )[M π – e + e – > 1.05 GeV/c 2 ] = (5.90 ± 0.53 ± 0.85 ± 0.11) × 10 –6 , where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is due to model dependence. In the full phase space, due to the different detection efficiencies for the structure-dependent mechanisms mediated by axial-vector and vector currents, the branching fraction varies from B A (τ – → π – ν τ e + e – ) = (1.46 ± 0.13 ± 0.21) × 10 –5 to B V (τ – → π – ν τ e + e – ) = (3.01 ± 0.27 ± 0.43) × 10 –5 , respectively. An upper limit is set on the branching fraction of the τ – → π – ν τ μ + μ – decay, B(τ – → π – ν τ μ + μ – ) < 1.14 × 10 –5 , at the 90% confidence level.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2019

Instability of the f -electron state in URu 2 Si 2–x P x probed using high magnetic fields

The widely studied hidden-order phase in URu 2 Si 2 exemplifies a broad class of emergent macroscopic states originating from d- and f-electron orbitals and their collective modes. This naturally has resulted in a focus on the associated elements (i.e., U and Ru), but recently it was discovered that electronic tuning on the more passive s and p orbitals fundamentally alters the electronic behavior and thus opens opportunities to disentangle the hidden-order conundrum. Here we present a detailed magnetoresistivity study of URu 2 Si 2–x P x , which focuses on two important aspects of this topic. First, we show that the anisotropy of the high field ordered states is preserved after hidden order is destroyed by Si → P chemical substitution, suggesting that this feature is mainly associated with the Kondo lattice, i.e., not hidden order itself. Second, Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations reveal that the observable parts of the Fermi surface topography are robust upon approaching the hidden-order phase boundary and the associated quasiparticle masses remain roughly constant. Furthermore, these observations place constraints on theories and prepare a path towards a resolution to the hidden-order problem.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2019

Three-Dimensional Magnetic Reconnection With a Spatially Confined X-Line Extent: Implications for Dipolarizing Flux Bundles and the Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry

Using 3-D particle-in-cell simulations, we study magnetic reconnection with the X-line being spatially confined in the current direction.We include thick current layers to prevent reconnection at two ends of a thin current sheet that has a thickness on an ion inertial ($d_i$) scale. The reconnection rate and outflow speed drop significantly when the extent of the thin current sheet in the current direction is $≲ O$(10$d_i$). When the thin current sheet extent is long enough, we find that it consists of two distinct regions; a suppressed reconnecting region (on the ion-drifting side) exists adjacent to the active region where reconnection proceeds normally as in a 2-D case with a typical fast rate value ≃ 0.1. The extent of this suppression region is $≃ O$(10$d_i$), and it suppresses reconnection when the thin current sheet extent is comparable or shorter. The time scale of current sheet thinning toward fast reconnection can be translated into the spatial scale of this suppression region, because electron drifts inside the ion diffusion region transport the reconnected magnetic flux, which drives outflows and furthers the current sheet thinning, away from this region. This is a consequence of the Hall effect in 3-D. While the existence of this suppression region may explain the shortest possible azimuthal extent of dipolarizing flux bundles at Earth, it may also explain the dawn-dusk asymmetry observed at the magnetotail of Mercury, which has a global dawn-dusk extent much shorter than that of Earth.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗