John W. Dankanich | Search NASA

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NASA Envisioned Future Priorities for In-Space Transportation

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States of America (US) has ambitious objectives for robust logistics solutions to commercialization of geocentric space, sustainable presence in Cislunar space and on the Lunar Surface, Human Mars exploration and expanded deep space robotic exploration. Critical to all these objectives are robust and affordable in-space transportation solutions. Resilient logistics is a precursor to sustained development and leveraging commercial investments. A range of near-term priority investments are required to enable the future envisioned state for In-Space Transportation. Advanced technology components and integrated system demonstrations for cryogenic fluid management are appropriate for viable human class propulsion and future leverage of In-Situ Resources Utilization propellant products. Space Nuclear Propulsion, both thermal and electric, investments enable human Mars exploration with reduced earth launches. Advanced propulsion investments enable lower cost development cycles and operations in addition to higher performance solutions for future robotic and extreme environment exploration. This paper provides a high-level overview of NASA’s plans for the development of in-space transportation capabilities, a description of the state-of-the-art, capability goals, technical challenges and gaps, and options for partnerships with industry and other agencies towards developing a robust power logistics infrastructure to support NASA’s objectives.

Propulsion↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

NASA Envisioned Future Priorities for In-Space Transportation

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States of America (US) has ambitious objectives for robust logistics solutions to commercialization of geocentric space, sustainable presence in Cislunar space and on the Lunar Surface, Human Mars exploration and expanded deep space robotic exploration. Critical to all these objectives are robust and affordable in-space transportation solutions. Resilient logistics is a precursor to sustained development and leveraging commercial investments. A range of near-term priority investments are required to enable the future envisioned state for In-Space Transportation. Advanced technology components and integrated system demonstrations for cryogenic fluid management are appropriate for viable human class propulsion and future leverage of In-Situ Resources Utilization propellant products. Space Nuclear Propulsion, both thermal and electric, investments enable human Mars exploration with reduced earth launches. Advanced propulsion investments enable lower cost development cycles and operations in addition to higher performance solutions for future robotic and extreme environment exploration. This paper provides a high-level overview of NASA’s plans for the development of in-space transportation capabilities, a description of the state-of-the-art, capability goals, technical challenges and gaps, and options for partnerships with industry and other agencies towards developing a robust power logistics infrastructure to support NASA’s objectives.

Propulsion↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Transformational Propulsion for In-Space Fast Transits

NASA has ambitious mission objectives requiring much faster transits to and from Mars, interstellar probes and a gravity lens observatory. However, there has been very little investment in transformational propulsion system development activities since the 1970s. There have been dozens of concepts proposed for high acceleration propulsion solutions, but nearly all have been limited to paper studies. A quick assessment was completed in 2023 to determine the potential of transformational propulsion concepts to enable faster transits, with a focus on crewed missions to and from Mars. Far-term conventional nuclear thermal propulsion is limited to very modest improvement in transfer times. Advanced nuclear propulsion options have significant performance potential, but limited interim evolutionary payoff for NASA. Advanced electric propulsion, both solar and nuclear, offers transformational performance potential with high payoff during interim progress for power production, conversion, and heat rejection technologies. Study results and recommendations for near-term investments are presented herein.

Propulsion↗