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Kleinberg, L. L.

Publications and source records attributed to Kleinberg, L. L..

At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1986

Temperature sensitive oscillator

An oscillator circuit for sensing and indicating temperature by changing oscillator frequency with temperature comprises a programmable operational amplifier which is operated on the roll-off portion of its gain versus frequency curve and has its output directly connected to the inverting input to place the amplifier in a follower configuration. Its output is also connected to the non-inverting input by a capacitor with a crystal or other tuned circuit also being connected to the non-inverting input. A resistor is connected to the program input of the amplifier to produce a given set current at a given temperature, the set current varying with temperature. As the set current changes, the gain-bandwidth of the amplifier changes and, in turn, the reflected capacitance across the crystal changes, thereby providing the desired change in oscillator frequency by pulling the crystal. There is no requirement that a crystal employed with this circuit display either a linear frequency change with temperature or a substantial frequency change with temperature.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Variable Synthetic Capacitance

Feedback amplifier circuit synthesizes electronically variable capacitance. Variable Synthetic Capacitor is amplifier circuit with follower/feedback configuration. Effective input capacitance depends on input set current. If synthetic capacitor is connected across resonant element of oscillator, oscillator frequency controlled via input set current. Circuit especially suitable for fine frequency adjustments of piezoelectric-crystal or inductor/capacitor resonant oscillators.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Temperature-Sensitive Oscillator

Ingestible thermometer consists of oscillator with temperature-dependent frequency. Device is quartz-crystal oscillator, frequency of which changes in proportion to change in temperature. Temperature-Sensitive Oscillator with nearly linear temperature coefficient of frequency obtained by using high-speed, high-gain, programable operational amplifier such as OP-32 to produce temperature-varying reflected capacitance across quartz crystal. New, small, inexpensive, low-power, temperature-sension circuit suitable for use as ingestible thermometer for measuring internal body temperature.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1985

JFET reflection oscillator

A high frequency oscillator circuit is provided using a low cost junction type field effect transistor (T sub 1) with a tuned circuit connected to its gate. The frequency of operation is determined by the tuned circuit and the capacitance reflected from the source to the gate. The transistor is matched to the frequency of operation so that this frequency falls within the roll-off portion of the transistor's transconductance verses frequency curve, preferably somewhat above the 3 db point in frequency. Phase shift necessary to sustain oscillation occurs due to the operation of the transistor in the roll-off portion of the curve and the addition of a phase shifting network (R sub 1, C sub 1) at the source.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Reactanceless synthesized impedance bandpass amplifier

An active R bandpass filter network is formed by four operational amplifier stages interconnected by discrete resistances. One pair of stages synthesize an equivalent input impedance of an inductance (L sub eq) in parallel with a discrete resistance (R sub o) while the second pair of stages synthesizes an equivalent input impedance of a capacitance (C sub eq) serially coupled to another discrete resistance (R sub i) coupled in parallel with the first two stages. The equivalent input impedances aggregately define a tuned resonant bandpass filter in the roll-off regions of the operational amplifiers.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Low noise tuned amplifier

A bandpass amplifier employing a field effect transistor amplifier first stage is described with a resistive load either a.c. or directly coupled to the non-inverting input of an operational amplifier second stage which is loaded in a Wien Bridge configuration. The bandpass amplifier may be operated with a signal injected into the gate terminal of the field effect transistor and the signal output taken from the output terminal of the operational amplifier. The operational amplifier stage appears as an inductive reactance, capacitive reactance and negative resistance at the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier, all of which appear in parallel with the resistive load of the field effect transistor.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Tuned analog network

A noninverting, direct current amplifier stage is cascaded into an integrator stage to form a two stage tuned network with a single input junction common to both stages. The network provides independent adjustment of center frequency, bandwidth and voltage gain. The insertion of a positive feedback loop between the stages provides a very narrow bandwidth network. The addition of back to back zener diodes between the common input node and ground converts the network into an oscillator.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Resistors Improve Ramp Linearity

Simple modification to bootstrap ramp generator gives more linear output over longer sweep times. New circuit adds just two resistors, one of which is adjustable. Modification cancels nonlinearities due to variations in load on charging capacitor and due to changes in charging current as the voltage across capacitor increases.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Simple JFET oscillator

Device used in mixers, modulators, and function generators provides stable sine-wave signal compatible with both integrated circuits and discrete-component assemblies. Oscillator's frequency is tunable over narrow band about design value. Frequency range, stability, linearity, and low power drain of device are suited to communications receivers and transmitters and digital microprocessors, computers, and displays. Circuit simplicity allows for easy monolithic construction.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1977

UHF/microwave oscillator/amplifier

Circuit uses tunnel diode as negative resistance and bipolar transistor as an active device in conjunction with resistors and capacitors. Transistor provides inductance required to produce oscillation and tuning. Output is taken from transistor collector and avoids unwanted characteristics of two-terminal oscillator/amplifier.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Ultra-stable oscillator with complementary transistors

A high frequency oscillator, having both good short and long term stability, is formed by including a piezoelectric crystal in the base circuit of a first bi-polar transistor circuit, the bi-polar transistor itself operated below its transitional frequency and having its emitter load chosen so that the input impedance, looking into the base thereof, exhibits a negative resistance in parallel with a capacitive reactance. Combined with this basic circuit is an auxiliary, complementary, second bi-polar transistor circuit of the same form with the piezoelectric crystal being common to both circuits. By this configuration small changes in quiescent current are substantially cancelled by opposite variations in the second bi-polar transistor circuit, thereby achieving from the oscillator a signal having its frequency of oscillation stable over long time periods as well as short time periods.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Active tuning circuit

Low-cost, inductorless, high Q active-tuning circuit can be made by coupling pair of transistors and their supporting circuitry to take advantage of frequency dependent energy storage effects. Circuit may be manufactured by standard micro-electronic techniques; has very low noise factor; and input-output matching networks are not necessary.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Ankylosis-stabilized oscillator

One feature of this mechanism is reduction of self-modulation, a source of harmonic generation. Since amplitude of oscillation is large, cutoff frequency is varied in proportion to the amplitude and frequency of oscillation. While one transistor is experiencing a positive alteration, the other is experiencing a negative alteration. Net effect is reduction in self-modulation.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1969

Microelectronic oscillator, 2

Microelectronic oscillator uses a bipolar transistor to circumvent the problem of developing suitable inductors for lower frequencies. The oscillator is fabricated by hybrid thin film techniques or by monolithic construction. Discrete microminiature components may also be employed.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗
NASA NTRS1969

Microelectronic oscillator

Bipolar transistor operated in a grounded base configuration is used as the inductor in a microelectronic oscillator. This configuration is employed using thin-film hybrid technology and is also applicable to monolithic technology.

Kleinberg, L. L.↗