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Lee, W. S.

Publications and source records attributed to Lee, W. S..

10 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1991

Titanium aluminides - Surface composition effects as a function of temperature

Results are presented from an AES investigation of the surface characteristics of pure Ti, Ti-14Al-21Nb (alpha-2 aluminide), and Ti-33Al-6Nb-1.4Ta (gamma aluminide) under ultrahigh vacuum conditions over the 20-1000 C temperature range. The observed variations in surface composition are noted to be dramatic and indicative of a direct relationship between the amount of retained oxygen and carbon on the surface and the quantity of Al in that surface's vicinity. While TiO2 was the main surface oxide for pure Ti and the alpha-2 and gamma aluminides, only metallic peaks were observable at 600 C; at 1000 C, metallic Al and Ti were observed.

Outlaw, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Auger electron intensity variations in oxygen-charged silver

Auger intensity variations over an oxygen-charged polycrystalline silver surface have been observed by studies of Auger images and line scans of selected adjacent grains which were determined to be the (421) and (221) orientations. The observed contrast (M4.5VV transition) between the grains is produced by the variation in the detected Auger electrons caused by the different directions (interatomic direction) of forward focusing in each grain. The contrast produced by the Ag Auger electrons was found to be strongly dependent on the surface order of the grains, but that of the O Auger electrons was not, presumably because the atoms were randomly distributed throughout the Ag surface or subsurface. The contrast observed between the grains at the lower Auger energies (N1VV and N1N2.3V transitions) appeared to be produced by constructive interference from multiple scattering. The N1N2.3V electrons at 29 eV, for example, gave higher contrast than that of the N1VV transition at 78 eV.

Lee, W. S.↗
NASA NTRS1990

The surface variation of Ti-14Al-21Nb as a function of temperature under ultrahigh vacuum conditions

The effect of temperature, at conditions of ultrahigh vacuum, on the surface composition of the Ti-14Al-21Nb (in wt pct) alloy was investigated in samples heated to 1000 C in 100 C increments. Results of AES spectroscopy revealed that the Ti-14Al-21Nb alloy surface is extremely sensitive to temperature. At 300 C, the carbon and oxygen began to rapidly dissolve into the alloy, and at 600 C, bulk S segregated to the surface. The variation in the surface composition was extensive and different over the temperature range studied, indicating that there may be substantial changes in the hydrogen transport.

Lee, W. S.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Auger electron intensity variations in oxygen-exposed large grain polycrystalline silver

Auger electron spectroscopic studies of the grains in oxygen-charged polycrystal-line silver show significant intensity variations as a function of crystallographic orientation. These intensity variations were observed by studies of the Auger images and line scans of the different grains (randomly selected) for each silver transition energy. The results can be attributed to the diffraction of the ejected Auger electrons and interpreted by corresponding changes in the electron mean-free path for inelastic scattering and by oxygen atom accumulation in the subsurface. The subsurface (second layer) octahedral sites increased in size because of surface relaxation and serve as a stable reservoir for the dissolved oxygen.

Lee, W. S.↗
NASA NTRS1982

A comparison of adiabatic and kinematic vertical motions using mesoscale data

Results are compared from the adiabatic and kinematic methods of determining vertical motion during a period of severe convective storms when special meso alpha-scale rawinsonde data were available. The two procedures were tested using data from the first regional-scale day of AVE-SESAME '79 which coincided with the Red River Valley tornado outbreak of April 10-11, 1979. At 700 mb, each technique showed good agreement with the weather patterns, but the kinematic procedure gave superior results at 500 mb. The overall goodness of the adiabatic method during this particular case was not solely due to the high-resolution SESAME data since synoptic-scale mechanisms played a major role in creating a storm-conducive environment. With the advent of computer aided analysis systems such as AFOS, forecasters will have quicker access to a greater variety of information. Present results suggest that the adiabatic method can yield useful information for severe storm forecasters, especially in the lower troposphere. An interesting follow-on study would use sounding data from geostationary VAS satellites to compute adiabatic vertical motions at finer time and space resolutions than is now possible using RAOB data alone. Geostrophic winds derived from satellite thermal data probably can be used.

Fuelberg, H. E.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Surface finishing

A surface of an article adapted for relative motion with a fluid environment is finished by coating the surface with a fluid adhesive, covering the adhesive with a sheet of flexible film material under tension on the film material whereby the tensioned film material is bonded to the surface by the adhesive.

Kinzler, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Surface finishing

A surface of an article adapted for relative motion with a fluid environment is finished by coating the surface with a fluid adhesive. The adhesive is covered with a sheet of flexible film material under tension, and the adhesive is set while maintaining tension on the film material.

Kinzler, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Reduction of porosity in aluminum weldments

Method is described for elimination of porosity of aluminum weldments by replacing polyvinyl chloride tubing (used to connect welder to gas source, and is permeable to moisture at high humidity) with copper tubing. In addition liquid argon gas is used at weld stations.

Lee, W. S.↗
NASA NTRS1968

Method for reinforcing tubing joints

Joint repair technique uses a longitudinally split aluminum shield over the joint ferrule and immediately adjacent tubing to reseal or reinforce leaking or weak joints in small tubing. Epoxy resin coating on inside surfaces of the two shield halves provides a tightly sealed bond between shield and tubing.

Kinzler, J.↗