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Medale, Marc

Publications and source records attributed to Medale, Marc.

A unique but flexible space–time could challenge multiverse theories

Highlights: The growing law of a billiard multiverse is independent of the discretization scale E. The time for any final state to be accessible from any initial one is around 3E shocks. The paths of billiard balls can change without changing initial or final states. Space-time flexibility can be achieved through paths commutations and entanglement. -- Abstract: In a previous paper (Guillemant et al., 2018), we have shown using a 2D billiard toy model that the propagation of uncertainties resulting from space–time discretization leads to a classical multiverse. In this one we estimate the growing law of the number of its branches, thanks to an original shock indexation method that permits a very fast comparison of trajectories. For different involved parameters we use random sets of infinitesimally perturbed initial conditions. From each set, we compute a collection up to hundred millions of different billiard histories. Our main result is the calculation of a Brownian saturation time when the number of branches begins to exceed the total number of billiard states. We discuss the possibility suggested by this result to change locally the paths of objects without changing their past and future histories and then subverting their global system. We conclude that a unique but flexible space–time could compete with the current many-worlds interpretation claiming that each branch is a different universe.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

A discrete classical space-time could require 6 extra-dimensions

We consider a discrete space–time in which conservation laws are computed in such a way that the density of information is kept bounded. We use a 2D billiard as a toy model to compute the uncertainty propagation in ball positions after every shock and the corresponding loss of phase information. Our main result is the computation of a critical time step above which billiard calculations are no longer deterministic, meaning that a multiverse of distinct billiard histories begins to appear, caused by the lack of information. Then, we highlight unexpected properties of this critical time step and the subsequent exponential evolution of the number of histories with time, to observe that after certain duration all billiard states could become possible final states, independent of initial conditions. We conclude that if our space–time is really a discrete one, one would need to introduce extra-dimensions in order to provide supplementary constraints that specify which history should be played.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗