Engineering topics

Mitsuda, K.

Publications and source records attributed to Mitsuda, K..

25 records · Page 2

NASA NTRS1990

Quasi-periodic oscillations in GX 17 + 2

X-ray observations of GX 17 + 2 were made in March and April, 1988 with the Large Area Counter of the Ginga satellite. The source was observed in the flaring, normal, and horizontal branches. Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) were oberved in all three of these branches. The relationship between QPO behavior and the X-ray spectral properties of GX 17 + 2 is examined. Continuous variation of QPO behavior is observed as GX 17 + 2 moves from the normal to flaring branch, indicating that the normal-branch QPO and the flaring-branch QPO are probably one physical phenomenon. This QPO behavior is similar to that observed in Sco X-1. Also, it is found that GX 17 + 2 is an example of the Z-type sources defined by Hasinger et al. (1989).

Penninx, W.↗

NASA NTRS1990

Ginga observations of quasi-periodic oscillations in type II bursts from the Rapid Burster

During Ginga observations of the 'Rapid Burster' in August 1988, strong quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) were detected in its X-ray intensity. The QPOs had centroid frequencies of 5 and 2 Hz during type II X-ray bursts which lasted for 10 and 30 s, respectively. The presence of the QPOs is correlated with the time scale-invariant burst profile. They are very strong during the initial peak in the burst, absent in the second peak, and strong again at the onset of the third peak. From an analysis of the X-ray spectrum as observed during the maxima and minima of the oscillations, it is found that the oscillations can be described by changes of the temperature of a blackbody emitter of constant apparent area.

Dotani, T.↗

NASA NTRS1986

Simultaneous X-ray and optical observations of GX 339-4 in an X-ray high state

Optical emission, soft X-rays, and hard X-rays have been observed simultaneously from the black hole candidate GX 3339-4 in a typical high state. Each of these components is interpreted as arising from a characteristic region of the accretion disk. Considered as a black hole, GX 339-4 lacks the variable 2 keV blackbody component that would be emitted from the 'solid' surface of a neutron star in the low-mass neutron star binaries. The X-ray emission in the high state is therefore extremely soft and stable in time. The intermediate disk region is optically thick and geometrically thin. The observed soft X-ray component with a 'disk blackbody' spectrum comes from this region. The innermost disk region is dynamically unstable due to the effect of general relativity and possibly due to radiation pressure. This region is responsible for the generation of the hard X-ray tail through Comptonization.

Makishima, K.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Delays of optical bursts in simultaneous optical and X-ray observations of MXB 1636-53

Observations of simultaneous optical and X-ray bursts from 4U/MXB 1636-53 were made using the Hakucho burst monitor system and optical telescopes at the European Southern Observatory during 1979 and 1980. The six best cases among the 10 coinciding observations are analyzed in terms of a model in which the optical emission is the result of reprocessing of X-rays (through blackbody heating). From this analysis, the temperature (spatially averaged) and size of a reprocessor, and the smearing and delay of the optical bursts are obtained. For the maximum temperatures of the optical reprocessor, the values differ from burst to burst, ranging from about 3 x 10 to the 4th to about 10 to the 5th K. The present analysis suggests that the size of the reprocessor varies by a factor of a few. For the smearing of the optical bursts an upper limit of a few seconds is derived. The most important result of this analysis is that the delay times are not the same for all bursts. The possible constraints which these results put on a low-mass binary model of this burst source are discussed.

Matsuoka, M.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Simultaneous U, B, V, and X-ray measurements of a burst from 4U/MXB 1636-53

Data are presented on the first simultaneous X-ray and optical burst to be measured in more than one optical color. Various analyses agree that, to a first approximation, the optical burst is produced through blackbody reprocessing of the X-ray burst, with a short delay. Depending on the technique used, the value of the delay is 2 or 3 s. The smearing of the optical signal is determined to be less than 3 s. The temperature of the optical reprocessor ranges from approximately 25,000 K at quiescence to approximately 50,000 K at burst maximum. An extinction toward the source is derived from the color-color diagram, suggesting a distance greater than or approximately equal to 2 kpc. The projected effective area of the blackbody reprocessor is approximately 5 x 10 to the 21st (D/5 kpc)-squared sq cm. The fraction of the total X-ray burst energy converted into optical energy at all wavelengths is, within an order of magnitude, approximately 3 percent. These parameters are discussed in relation to the 4 hr orbital periodicity in the system reported by Pedersen et al. (1981).

Lawrence, A.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Simultaneous optical and X-ray bursts from 4U/MXB 1636-53

Methods of obtaining information about the geometry of X-ray burster systems from simultaneous optical and X-ray observations are discussed, and such simultaneous observations of 4U/MXB 1636-53 are reported. The physical idea of an optical burst being due to reprocessing of an X-ray burst in material in the vicinity of the compact object is discussed. The resulting modification of the X-ray burst signal is described in terms of an optical response function. Delay and smearing due to radiative processes are discussed along with those due to the geometry. For 4U/MXB 1636-53, the estimated delay is 2.5 seconds, the smearing is less than four seconds, and the maximum temperature of the reprocessing region is about 75,000 K. The projected area of the reprocessing region is about 6 x 10 to the 21st square cm. The neutron star is about 1.4 solar masses, the radius of the accretion disk is greater than 1.5 lt-sec, and the mass of the Roche lobe filling companion star is less than 2.0 solar masses, corresponding to a binary period between about one and ten hours.

Pedersen, H.↗

NASA NTRS1982

X-ray observations of the 1980 Cygnus X-1 'high state'

Observations of intensity transitions in the X-ray emission from the black-hole candidate Cygnus X-1 were made by the Hakucho satellite during the summer of 1980 and are reported here. In addition, the results of hard (20-120 keV) X-ray observations of Cyg X-1 are reported. These data were obtained during the 'high' intensity state by balloon-borne mercuric iodide detectors, and are compared with data obtained at similar energies approximately 1 month earlier (A. Sheepmaker et al., in preparation) during the 'low' intensity state.

Ogawara, Y.↗