Mars photogeology interpretation
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Saunders, R. S.↗
Engineering topics
Saunders, R. S.
Publications and source records attributed to Saunders, R. S..
Mars - Crustal structure inferred from Bouguer gravity anomalies.
Bouguer gravity has been computed for the equatorial region of Mars by differencing free air gravity and the gravity predicted from topographic variations. The free air gravity was generated from an eighth-order set of spherical harmonic coefficients. The gravity from topographic variations was generated by integrating a two-dimensional Green's function over each contour level. The Bouguer gravity indicates crustal inhomogeneities on Mars that are postulated to be variations in crustal thickness. The Tharsis ridge is a region of thick continental type crust. The gravity data, structural patterns, topography, and surface geology of this region lead to the interpretation of the Tharsis topographic high as a broad crustal upwarp possibly associated with local formation of lower-density crustal material and subsequent rise of a thicker crust. The Amazonis region is one of several basins of relatively thin crust, analogous to terrestrial ocean basins. The Libya and Hellas basins, which are probable impact features, are also underlain by thin crust and are possible regions of mantle upwelling.
Phillips, R. J.↗
A generalized geologic map of Mars
A generalized geologic map of Mars has been constructed largely on the basis of differences in the topography of the surface. A number of topographic features on Mars whose form is highly diagnostic of their origin are shown. Of particular note are the shield volcanoes and lava plains. In some areas, the original features have been considerably modified by subsequent erosional and tectonic processes. These have not, however, resulted in homogenization of the planet's surface, but rather have emphasized its variegated character by leaving a characteristic imprint in specific areas. The topography of the planet, therefore, lends itself well to remote geologic interpretation.
Carr, M. H.↗
A generalized geologic map of Mars.
A geologic map of Mars has been constructed largely on the basis of photographic evidence. Four classes of units are recognized: (1) primitive cratered terrain, (2) sparsely cratered volcanic eolian plains, (3) circular radially symmetric volcanic constructs such as shield volcanoes, domes, and craters, and (4) tectonic erosional units such as chaotic and channel deposits. Grabens are the main structural features; compressional and strike slip features are almost completely absent. Most grabens are part of a set radial to the main volcanic area, Tharsis.
Carr, M. H.↗
Mission planning for remote exploration of the surface of Venus.
A science rationale for exploration of the surface of Venus by remote means together with the role of science goals in mission planning is presented. Specific attention is devoted to radar imagery. Earth-based radar images will provide 60% coverage with resolution at 10-km or better surface resolution are anticipated by 1980. A Venus orbiting imaging radar system could map 100% of the surface at 200 meter surface resolution and 3 to 6% at 40 meters or less. Such coverage and resolution are essential for identification of surface processes and for evaluation of lander observations in a planet-wide context. By deduction of surface observation goals, objectives for a Venus orbiter mission are derived and placed in a comprehensive Venus exploration program. The characteristics of such a mission are briefly discussed.
Saunders, R. S.↗