Engineering topics

Senba, Yasunori

Publications and source records attributed to Senba, Yasunori.

7 records

DOE OSTI2016

Upgrade of beamline BL25SU for soft x-ray imaging and spectroscopy of solid using nano- and micro-focused beams at SPring-8

Substantial upgrades have been made to the beamline BL25SU at SPring-8 for soft X-ray imaging and spectroscopy of solid-state materials. The upgraded beamline consists of two branches: a micro-beam branch with high energy resolution, and a nano-beam branch with small angular divergence. The beamline has been available for use since October 2014, following a half year commissioning period. We present here the beamline performance parameters, including resolving power, photon flux, and focused beam size, which are consistent with designed specifications.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2016

Development of contamination-free x-ray optics for next-generation light sources

We studied typical forms of contamination on X-ray mirrors that cause degradation of beam quality, investigated techniques to remove the contaminants, and propose methods to eliminate the sources of the contamination. The total amount of carbon-containing substances on various materials in the vicinity of a mirror was measured by thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and thermal desorption spectroscopy. It was found that cleanliness and ultra-high vacuum techniques are required to produce the contamination-free surfaces that are essential for the propagation of high-quality X-ray beams. The reduction of carbonaceous residue adsorbed on the surfaces, and absorbed into the bulk, of the materials in the vicinity of the mirrors is a key step toward achieving contamination-free X-ray optics.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2014

In situ study of an oxidation reaction on a Pt/C electrode by ambient pressure hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

We have constructed an ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy instrument that uses hard X-ray radiation at the high-performance undulator beamline BL36XU of SPring-8. The dependence of the Au 4f peak intensity from Au foil on the ambient N{sub 2} pressure was measured. At a photon energy of 7.94 keV, the Au 4f peak intensity maintained 40% at 3000 Pa compared with that at high vacuum. We designed a polymer electrolyte fuel cell that allows us to perform X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of an electrode under working conditions. The oxidized Pt peaks were observed in the Pt 3d{sub 5/2} level of Pt nanoparticles in the cathode, and the peaks clearly depended on the applied voltage between the anode and cathode. Our apparatus can be applied as a valuable in situ tool for the investigation of the electronic states and adsorbed species of polymer electrolyte fuel cell electrode catalysts under the reaction conditions.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

DOE OSTI2013

Diffracted X-ray tracking for monitoring intramolecular motion in individual protein molecules using broad band X-ray

Diffracted X-ray tracking (DXT) enables the tilting and twisting motions of single protein molecules to be monitored with micro- to milliradian resolution using a highly brilliant X-ray source with a wide energy bandwidth. We have developed a technique to monitor single molecules using gold nanocrystals attached to individual protein molecules using the BL28B2 beamline at SPring-8. In this paper we present the installation of a single toroidal X-ray mirror at BL28B2 to focus X-rays in an energy range of 10–20 keV (△E/E = 82% for an X-ray with a wide energy bandwidth). With this beamline we tracked diffraction spots from gold nanocrystals over a wide angle range than that using quasi-monochromatic X-rays. Application of the wide angle DXT technique to biological systems enabled us to observe the on-site motions of single protein molecules that have been functionalized in vivo. We further extend the capability of DXT by observing the fractional tilting and twisting motions of inner proteins under various conditions. As a proof of this methodology and to determine instrumental performance the intramolecular motions of a human serum albumin complex with 2-anthracenecarboxylic acid was investigated using the BL28B2 beamline. The random tilting and twisting intramolecular motions are shown to be directly linked to the movement of individual protein molecules in the buffer solution.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2012

Ultrahigh resolution soft x-ray emission spectrometer at BL07LSU in SPring-8

An extremely high resolution flat field type slit less soft x-ray emission spectrometer has been designed and constructed for the long undulator beamline BL07LSU in SPring-8. By optimizing the ruling parameters of two cylindrical gratings, a high energy resolution {Delta}E < 100 meV and/or an E/{Delta}E{approx} 10 000 are expected for the energy range of 350 eV - 750 eV taking into account the broadening by the spatial resolution (25 {mu}m) of a CCD detector. A coma-free operation mode proposed by Strocov et al., is also applied to eliminate both defocus and coma aberrations. The spectrometer demonstrated experimentally that E/{Delta}E= 10 050 and 8046 for N 1s (402.1 eV) and Mn 2p (641.8 eV) edges, respectively.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2011

Towards high-resolution ptychographic x-ray diffraction microscopy

Ptychographic x-ray diffraction microscopy is a lensless imaging technique with a large field of view and high spatial resolution, which is also useful for characterizing the wavefront of an x-ray probe. The performance of this technique is degraded by positioning errors due to the drift between the sample and illumination optics. We propose an experimental approach for correcting the positioning errors and demonstrate success by two-dimensionally reconstructing both the wavefront of the focused x-ray beam and the complex transmissivity of the weakly scattering objects at the pixel resolution of better than 10 nm in the field of view larger than 5 {mu}m. This method is applicable to not only the observation of organelles inside cells or nano-mesoscale structures buried within bulk materials but also the characterization of probe for single-shot imaging with x-ray free electron lasers.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

DOE OSTI2011

Electronic structure of YbGa1.15Si0:85 and YbGaxGe2-x probed by resonant x-ray emission and photoelectron spectroscopies

We performed an x-ray spectroscopic study combining resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES) and photoelectron spectroscopy on the superconducting ternary silicide YbGa 1.15 Si 0.85 and nonsuperconducting ternary germanide YbGa x Ge 2-x (x = 1.0 and 1.1). The Yb valence for all three compounds is found to be about 2.3. In YbGa 1.15 Si 0.85 no temperature dependence of the Yb valence is observed in the RXES spectra in the temperature range of 7–300 K, while the valence shows a drastic increase under pressure from the Yb 2+ state partially including itinerant electrons to the localized Yb 3+ state. Differences are observed in the valence-band spectra of the photoelectron spectroscopy between YbGa 1.15 Si 0.85 and YbGa x Ge 2-x , which may be attributed to the difference of crystal structure. We conclude that both the crystal structure of the planar GaSi layer in YbGa 1.15 Si 0.85 and the resultant electronic structure may have a crucial role in the occurrence of superconductivity.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗