Engineering topics
Publications and source records attributed to Sim, Alison.
We present a dataset of 70 operating, demonstration, pilot and unbuilt U.S. potable water reuse systems and report on treatment train designs, costs, estimated electricity intensity, and air emission externalities.
This submission contains a set of U.S.-specific potable reuse capital and operations and maintenance (O&M) cost data ($2020) found in published presentations and reports from engineering consulting firms, utility and water agency press releases or websites, and literature. For any unbuilt facilities, the reported costs found in technical documents are mostly engineer estimates and may be subject to change as construction proceeds. This data set contains a mix of both facility specific and total capital costs, which include conveyance infrastructure. Note that this dataset does not include detailed cost breakdowns for each of the facilities. This submission also contains the sources used to build this dataset in pdf format.
Point-of-use (POU) devices with satisfactory lead (Pb 2+ ) removal performance are urgently needed in response to recent outbreaks of lead contamination in drinking water. This study experimentally demonstrated the excellent lead removal capability of two-dimensional (2D) MoS 2 nanosheets in aqueous form and as part of a layer-stacked membrane. Among all materials ever reported in the literature, MoS 2 nanosheets exhibit the highest adsorption capacity (740 mg/g), and the strongest selectivity/affinity toward Pb 2+ with a distribution coefficient K d that is orders of magnitude higher than that of other lead adsorption materials (5.2 × 10 7 mL/g). Density functional theory (DFT) simulation was performed to complement experimental measurements and to help understand the adsorption mechanisms. The results confirmed that the cation selectivity of MoS 2 follows the order Pb 2+ > Cu 2+ >> Cd 2+ > Zn 2+ , Ni 2+ > Mg 2+ , K + , Ca 2+ . The membrane formed with layer-stacked MoS 2 nanosheets exhibited a high water flux (145 L/m 2 /h/bar), while effectively decreasing Pb 2+ concentration in drinking water from a few mg/L to less than 10 μg/L. The removal capacity of the MoS 2 membrane is a few orders of magnitude higher than that of other literature-reported membrane filters. Therefore, the layer-stacked MoS 2 membrane has great potential for POU removal of lead from drinking water.
Collection of proposed, operating, demonstration, and pilot study potable reuse systems across the U.S. as of 2020. Information includes project name, location, augmentation type, capacity, year operational, treatment train, and source water type. References are included in this submission. As potable reuse facilities undergo expansions or upgrades, treatment trains and capacities are subject to change. Operational status may also change. Treatment trains listed are reported to the detail that the source provides. Type and doses of chemical post-treatment or chlorination is often not specified. Please see README section in spreadsheet for definitions of acronyms used.