Engineering Small HOMO–LUMO Gaps in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Topologically Protected States
Topological phases in laterally confined low-dimensional nanographenes have emerged as versatile design tools that can imbue otherwise unremarkable materials with exotic band structures ranging from topological semiconductors and quantum dots to intrinsically metallic bands. The periodic boundary conditions that define the topology of a given lattice have thus far prevented the translation of this technology to the quasi-zero-dimensional (0D) domain of small molecular structures. Here, we describe the synthesis of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) featuring two localized zero modes (ZMs) formed by the topological junction interface between a trivial and nontrivial phase within a single molecule. First-principles density functional theory calculations predict a strong hybridization between adjacent ZMs that gives rise to an exceptionally small HOMO–LUMO gap. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy corroborate the molecular structure of 9/7/9-double quantum dots and reveal an experimental quasiparticle gap of 0.16 eV, corresponding to a carbon-based small molecule long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) absorber.