The SIRTF wide-area infrared extragalactic survey (SWIRE) - exploring the dark side of galaxy evolution
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SWIRE infrared↗
Engineering topics
Smith, H. E.
Publications and source records attributed to Smith, H. E..
A Stardust Revealed - Luminous Radio Supernovae in the Nuclei of Arp 220
In this work we present a new 18cm VLBI image, with 3 x 8 mas angular resolution, showing approximately a dozen unresolved resources, S(sub 18cm) = 0.2-1.2mJy, within a 0.2 x 0.4(75 x 150pc) region centered on the NW nucleus of this merging system.
galaxies active infrared radio continuum↗
Risk analysis and management
Present software development accomplishments are indicative of the emerging interest in and increasing efforts to provide risk assessment backbone tools in the manned spacecraft engineering community. There are indications that similar efforts are underway in the chemical processes industry and are probably being planned for other high risk ground base environments. It appears that complex flight systems intended for extended manned planetary exploration will drive this technology.
Smith, H. E.↗
Automated weld torch guidance control system
A device for automatically controlling the movement of a welding torch while welding an elongated joint is described. A charge injection television camera is carried on a movable support. The camera includes a matrix of individual light sensing video elements which generate voltages responsive to light reflected off of the joint and surrounding areas of the work piece. The voltages produced by the pixels are converted to digital words which are fed to a microprocessor for generating an error signal. This error signal is fed to a digital motor which is used to drive a movable support upon which the television camera is carried.
Smith, H. E.↗
Development and implementation of the verification process for the shuttle avionics system
The background of the shuttle avionics system design and the unique drivers associated with the redundant digital multiplexed data processing system are examined. With flight software pervading to the lowest elements of the flight critical subsystems, it was necessary to identify a unique and orderly approach of verifying the system as flight ready for STS-1. The approach and implementation plan is discussed, and both technical problems and management issues are dealt with.
Smith, H. E.↗
Emission-line QSOs in the region of the Hercules cluster of galaxies
Slit spectrophotometry in the 305-855-nm range of 25 QSO candidates identified by slitless spectroscopy in two 1-deg-sq fields (one centered on Abell 2151 and one in a blank region) near the Hercules cluster of galaxies, obtained using image-dissector scanners on the 3-m Lick Observatory and 4-m KPNO telescopes at resolution 5-20 A during 1976-1979, are reported. The data are presented in tables and spectrograms and characterized in detail. In the cluster field, 14 candidates are confirmed as QSOs with z = 0.89-3.24; in the blank field, six are confirmed with z = 1.52-3.00. While the strongest feature of most spectra is found to be the Lyman alpha line, five QSOs have the 154.9-nm line of C IV and one the semiforbidden 190.9-nm line of C III as strong features. The wide variety of spectral profiles and absorption features in the higher-redshift QSOs and the lack of any QSOs with broad absorption troughs are discussed, and the use of these QSOs as probes for warm or cool gas in the Hercules cluster in Space Telescope Faint Object Spectrograph observations is suggested.
Burbidge, E. M.↗
He I 10830 emission in Seyfert galaxies and QSOs
He I line fluxes at 10830 A are reported for eight type-1 Seyfert galaxies, three QSOs and two type-2 Seyfert galaxies. The data are combined with He I line fluxes at 5876 A in order to obtain the ratio 10830/5876. The He I flux values resulting from this ratio are compared to fiducial values measured in gaseous nebulae. It is found that the values for gaseous nebulae are very similar to values observed in type-2 Seyfert galaxies, but are considerably larger than He I line flux values for type-1 Seyfert galaxies and QSOs. The data indicate the presence of high dust reddening and powerful optical depth effects in the type-2 Seyfert galaxies.
Levan, P. D.↗
Spectrophotometry of the broad absorption-line QSO PHL 5200
Spectrophotometric observations of PHL 5200 conducted from 1974 to 1979 are presented. The semiforbidden C III 1909 and Mg II 2799 emission lines give an emission redshift of 1.981 + or - 0.002 using the peak of the profile. The semiforbidden C III 1909/C IV 1549 emission line ratio, after correction for absorption, is more than the average for normal quasars. In addition, the spectrum shows more structure between C IV 1549 emission and semiforbidden C III 1909 emission than in the case of normal quasars. The absorption profiles are investigated by using symmetrical logarithmic profiles to model the emission lines. The residual intensities at different wavelengths in the absorption troughs are employed to map optical depth as a function of velocity, assuming that the absorption region covers a small part of the sky as seen from the central source. Spectra from five observing seasons are compared, and no apparent changes in the C IV and Si IV absorption troughs are found.
Junkkarinen, V. T.↗
Near-infrared spectrophotometry of four Seyfert 1 galaxies and NGC 1275
Low-resolution spectrophotometry from 2 to 4 microns is reported for the four Seyfert 1 galaxies Mrk 335, 3C 120, Mrk 509, NGC 7469, and the peculiar emission-line galaxy NGC 1275. The spectrum of NGC 7469 exhibits a strong 3.3-micron dust feature, indicating a thermal origin for the bulk of its considerable nonstellar infrared emission. NGC 1275 has a large stellar contribution to its infrared flux at wavelengths shortward of 3 microns. The spectrum from 3 to 4 microns fits a power law which fits the 10-micron and 20-micron broad bands, as well. A thermal model which can explain the spectrum of NGC 1275 is discussed. Mrk 335 displays a complex spectrum suggestive of thermal dust emission. 3C 120 and Mrk 509 have nonstellar infrared emission shortward of 2 microns, but the data are ambiguous as to whether this emission is thermal or nonthermal in origin.
Rudy, R. J.↗
High frequency drive mechanism for an active controls systems aircraft control surface
The mechanism was successfully utilized on a wind tunnel model tested in the transonic blow down tunnel. The mechanism is also applicable to a flying aircraft. Several interrelated mechanical subsystems were utilized, including a low inertia antibacklash drive mechanism for high frequency oscillation and a compact antibacklash drive mechanism for conversion of rotary motion to linear motion.
Smith, H. E.↗
A 'cluster' of quasi-stellar objects near M82
The discovery of a cluster of three quasars near the peculiar Irr/Sc galaxy M82 is reported. The three objects were detected by the grism technique to lie in a relatively compact group southeast of M82, with similar redshifts and emission line ratios. Image dissector scanner observations were performed to confirm the nature of the sources as quasars and the quasar redshifts of approximately 2. Consideration of the probability of the chance occurrence of three quasars at this redshift within an angular distance of less than 3.6 arcmin leads to the conclusion that the three quasars are physically associated with each other. If the redshifts of these objects are interpreted as cosmological, then they may make up a cluster of quasars of dimensions comparable to those of galactic clusters. If, on the other hand, the quasars are at the distance of M82, then the noncosmological process which produces their redshifts must be capable of producing them within a narrow range.
Burbidge, E. M.↗
The nebulosity associated with 3C 120
Spectrophotometric observations have been made of the nebulosity surrounding the Seyfert (or N) galaxy 3C 120, as well as of the nucleus. Observations of the nebulosity reveal an extensive network of H II regions characterized by a high ionization level, which, it is argued, is due to photoionizations by the nucleus. The O/H and N/O abundance ratios in this gas, at least as far out as 8 kpc from the nucleus, must be within a factor of 20 of the solar values. The velocity field of this gas is very chaotic, but the systematic gas velocities, relative to the nucleus, are mostly positive to one side of an axis passing through the nucleus at P.A. 72 deg and mostly negative on the other side. The position angle of this axis is consistent with the direction (P.A. 65 deg) along which the compact radio source in the nucleus is expanding, but it is about 45 deg away from the major or minor axes of the fainter elliptical structure visible on previously published broad-band direct plates.
Baldwin, J. A.↗
A study of the absorption-line spectra of six high-redshift quasi-stellar objects
High-resolution spectrograms of six QSOs with apparent visual magnitudes of 17.0 to 18.5 and redshifts greater than 2 are studied for absorption lines. Accurate wavelengths are measured for all the absorption lines that could be detected, attempts are made to identify redshift systems, and the redshifts in each object are examined. Analysis of the absorption-line spectra shows that: (1) a large number of redshifts covering a wide range of values are present in five of the QSOs; (2) about two-thirds of the absorption lines remain unidentified, cannot be of Galactic origin, and are not associated with existing redshift systems; (3) many comparatively small absorption redshifts exist which, if they are due to intervening galaxies, must be produced by very large halos; and (4) in one QSO there is a possible redshift system containing five lines with an absorption redshift that is significantly greater than the emission redshift.
Roberts, D. H.↗
High-velocity gas in the jet in the radio galaxy DA 240
Spectrograms of the radio galaxy identified with the source DA 240, obtained with the Kitt Peak 4-m telescope and Ritchey-Chretien spectrograph, reveal the presence of ionized gas in the jet discovered earlier. This gas has a large negative velocity displacement of 3400 km/s relative to the center of the galaxy. This is further evidence for the ejection of gas in a violent event in the nucleus of a radio galaxy. The velocity gradient in this gas is less than about 50 km/s over 14 kpc.
Burbidge, E. M.↗
Optical spectroscopy of BL Lacertae objects and their relatives
Absorption lines from intervening gas along the line of sight to BL Lac objects are examined. The absorption line systems observed in several such objects are discussed, and detailed attention is given to the objects PKS 0735+178 and AO 0235+164. Random observations relevant to the nature of BL Lac objects are reviewed, including observations of steep-spectrum 3C QSOs and the peculiar object PKS 0528-250. The nature of the absorbing material is considered.
Smith, H. E.↗
On the origin of the absorption spectra of quasistellar and BL Lacertae objects
Following the earlier work of Wagoner (1967) we have reexamined the possibility that the absorption spectra of QSOs are due to gas in the disks, coronae, or halos of intervening galaxies. Comparison of the expected number of absorption systems with the number observed in all of the QSOs and BL Lacertae objects so far cataloged shows that there is a gross discrepancy in the sense that the multiplicity of absorption systems already found is far higher than the numbers expected if the absorption is due to gas in known disks or hypothetical small coronae. A discussion of the selection effects suggests that the number of absorption systems so far reported is an underestimate, so that an even greater discrepancy is likely to be present. High multiplicities can be explained only if very large halos or clouds containing heavy elements are commonly present, and there is no independent evidence for this. We conclude that the bulk of the absorption is likely to be intrinsic to the QSOs.
Burbidge, G.↗
Spectrophotometric observations of Molonglo radio source identifications
The paper presents spectrophotometric observations of 76 optical objects identified with radio sources from the MC2 and MC3 catalogs. Line intensities, equivalent widths, line widths, and optical spectral indices are presented for 44 objects confirmed as quasi-stellar objects. The statistical and physical properties of the Molonglo sample are briefly discussed.
Smith, H. E.↗
An optical catalog of quasi-stellar objects
A catalog containing the basic optical information on all QSOs which have been certainly identified, meaning that redshifts have been measured (complete to August 1976), is given. Included are the coordinate designations, other names, equatorial coordinates, visual magnitudes, (U-B) and (B-V) colors, emission-line redshifts, emission lines detected in the optical spectrum, absorption-line redshifts, and references for finding charts, absorption- and emission-line redshifts, and photometry and polarimetry for 633 QSOs and four BL Lacertae objects. Cross-reference tables are provided for finding coordinate designations of objects known by noncoordinate names.
Burbidge, G. R.↗