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Stocker, Dennis P.

Publications and source records attributed to Stocker, Dennis P..

22 records · Page 2

Radiation from Gas-Jet Diffusion Flames in Microgravity Environments

This paper presents the first demonstration of quantitative flame-radiation measurement in microgravity environments, with the objective of studying the influences and characteristics of radiative transfer on the behavior of gas-jet diffusion flames with possible application to spacecraft fire detection. Laminar diffusion flames of propane, burning in quiescent air at atmospheric pressure, are studied in the 5.18-Second Zero-Gravity Facility of NASA Lewis Research Center. Radiation from these flames is measured using a wide-view angle, thermopile-detector radiometer, and comparisons are made with normal-gravity flames. The results show that the radiation level is significantly higher in microgravity compared to normal-gravity environments due to larger flame size, enhanced soot formation, and entrapment of combustion products in the vicinity of the flame. These effects are the consequences of the removal of buoyancy which makes diffusion the dominant mechanism of transport. The results show that longer test times may be needed to reach steady state in microgravity environments.

Bahadori, M. Yousef

Effects of Pressure on Microgravity Hydrocarbon Diffusion Flames

The effect of pressure on the propane diffusion flames burning in quiescent air under both normal-gravity and microgravity conditions (in the NASA's 2.2-Second Drop Tower at the Lewis Research Center) were studied at pressures of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 atm, with three fuel mass-flow rates for each pressure. Compared to normal-gravity flames, the microgravity tests showed enhanced sooting, tip-opening, and soot escape, accompanied with changes in color, size, and luminosity of the flames. At low pressures, less-efficient burning and a broader flame zone was found to exist due to the kinetics effects, while at high pressures, where was more soot and longer soot-burning zones. Results show that there exist a particular intermediate pressure at which both the microgravity and normal-gravity flame heights are minimized.

Bahadori, M. Yousef

Laminar diffusion flames under micro-gravity conditions

Laminar methane and propane gas-jet diffusion flames have been theoretically and experimentally studied at NASA-Lewis under microgravity conditions. It is noted that laminar diffusion flames are strongly affected by the combined effects of kinetics, radiation, and such transient phenomena as flame ignition, stabilization, and extinction. Observations on the distinctive nature of the flame color and luminosity parameters in microgravity are presented, and flame behavior under transient, high-deceleration rates is discussed. Test hardware and instrumentation design are described.

Edelman, Raymond B.