Controlling selectivity in the Ullmann reaction on Cu(111)
Using a surface science approach, the selectivity in the Ullmann cross-coupling of aryl halides on Cu(111) has been understood and controlled.
Chemistry↗
Engineering topics
Sykes, E. C. H.
Publications and source records attributed to Sykes, E. C. H..
Collective effects in physisorbed molecular hydrogen on Ni / Au ( 111 )
Not Available
Therrien, A. J.↗
Spin-modified catalysis
First-principle calculations are used to explore the use of magnetic degrees of freedom in catalysis. We use the Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package to investigate both L1{sub 0}-ordered FePt and CoPt bulk materials and perform supercell calculations for FePt nanoclusters containing 43 atoms. As the catalytic activity of transition-metal elements and alloys involves individual d levels, magnetic alloying strongly affects the catalytic performance, because it leads to shifts in the local densities of states and to additional peaks due to magnetic-moment formation. The peak shift persists in nanoparticles but is surface-site specific and therefore depends on cluster size. Our research indicates that small modifications in stoichiometry and cluster size are a useful tool in the search for new catalysts.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
Surface Structure Spread Single Crystals (S4C): Preparation and characterization
A set of six spherically curved Cu single crystals referred to as Surface Structure Spread Single Crystals (S{sup 4}Cs) has been prepared in such a way that their exposed surfaces collectively span all possible crystallographic surface orientations that can be cleaved from the face centered cubic Cu lattice. The method for preparing these S{sup 4}Cs and for finding the high symmetry pole point are described. Optical profilometry has been used to determine the true shapes of the S{sup 4}Cs and show that over the majority of the surface, the shape is extremely close to that of a perfect sphere. The local orientations of the surfaces lie within ±1{degree} of the orientation expected on the basis of the spherical shape; their orientation is as good as that of many commercially prepared single crystals. STM imaging has been used to characterize the atomic level structure of the Cu(111)±11{degree}-S{sup 4}C. This has shown that the average step densities and the average step orientations match those expected based on the spherical shape. In other words, although there is some distribution of step-step spacing and step orientations, there is no evidence of large scale reconstruction or faceting. The Cu S{sup 4}Cs have local structures based on the ideal termination of the face centered cubic Cu lattice in the direction of termination. The set of Cu S{sup 4}Cs will serve as the basis for high throughput investigations of structure sensitive surface chemistry on Cu.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗