Engineering topics
Publications and source records attributed to Tarasov, L. S..
The design and equipment of a box specially built for working with lunar surface material is described. The box is intended for preliminary investigations, packing of samples, and carrying out a large number of operations necessary for this stage in the study of samples.
A brief description of the morphology of lunar surface material returned by Luna 16 automatic lunar station is given. Adhesiveness of the surface material and its ability to be electrified is noted. Two main genetic groups of regolith particles are differentiated: primary, represented mainly by fragments of magmatic rocks of the basalt and gabbro types, as well as mineralized grains of their constituent minerals, and secondary, particles subjected to appreciable exogenic transformation on the surface of the Moon. The second group, representing more than 70 percent of the material in coarse fractions, includes particles of breccias, sintered aggregates of complex dendritic form, and glass and vitrified particles of varied composition.
Based on a comparative analysis of the petrochemistry of an integrated sample of gabbro basalts and a fine fraction from regolith returned by Luna 16 automatic station from the Sea of Fertility, with the mean compositions of various types of mare basalts, anorthosites, and regolith from the Sea of Tranquillity and the Ocean of Storms, with reference to several data on rare elements, the nature of the fine fractions is discussed. It is shown that the integrated sample of gabbro basalt from the coarse fraction in the lower part of the core can be represented as a mixture of mare basalts of the Sea of Tranquillity and nonmare basalts of the krip type in the ratio of about 3 to 2. It is confirmed that the compositions of the Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 regolith are complementary with the compositions of basalts and anorthosites of the Sea of Tranquillity and the Ocean of Storms.
Petrographic and mineralogical features of fragments of magmatic rock of regolith from the Sea of Fertility are examined. The textures and mineral composition vary in relation to the type of rock. More than 50 X-ray spectral analyses of minerals (olivine, pyroxenes, plagioclases, and ores) were made; their chemical composition varies even within the limits of individual rock fragments.
A secondary electron multiplier was used to study the thermostimulated exoelectronic emission of particles of lunar surface material returned by the Soviet Luna 16 automatic station. The natural exoemission from fragments of slag, glass, anorthosite, and a metallic particle was recorded in the isochronic and isothermal thermostimulation regimes. The temperature of emission onset depended on the type of regolith fragment. For the first three particles the isothermal drop in emission is described by first-order kinetic equations. For the anorthosite fragment, exoemission at constant temperature is characterized by a symmetric curve with a maximum. These data indicate the presence of active surface defects, whose nature can be due to the prehistory of the particles.
Thermostimulated exoelectronic emission of eight fragments of regolith returned by the Soviet Luna 16 automatic station was studied. The nature of the exoemission glove-curves was determined by particle type. Fragments of breccia, sinter, slag, anorthosite, glass plate, and leucocratic gabbro after the first heating disclosed a single exoemission maximum, whose temperature position is in the range 115 to 200 C. The data obtained indicate the complex and inhomogeneous energy structure of some regolith fragments. The presence of surface states capable of forming sorptive bonds can be assumed for most particles. The exoemission of anorthosite, olivine, and the glass spherule is due to the presence of formation defects at their surfaces.