Thorpe, Douglas G. | Search NASA

NASA NTRS1991

Space shuttle with common fuel tank for liquid rocket booster and main engines (supertanker space shuttle)

An operation and schedule enhancement is shown that replaces the four-body cluster (Space Shuttle Orbiter (SSO), external tank, and two solid rocket boosters) with a simpler two-body cluster (SSO and liquid rocket booster/external tank). At staging velocity, the booster unit (liquid-fueled booster engines and vehicle support structure) is jettisoned while the remaining SSO and supertank continues on to orbit. The simpler two-bodied cluster reduces the processing and stack time until SSO mate from 57 days (for the solid rocket booster) to 20 days (for the liquid rocket booster). The areas in which liquid booster systems are superior to solid rocket boosters are discussed. Alternative and future generation vehicles are reviewed to reveal greater performance and operations enhancements with more modifications to the current methods of propulsion design philosophy, e.g., combined cycle engines, and concentric propellant tanks.

Thorpe, Douglas G.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Determining criteria for single stage to orbit

The criteria for single stage to orbit (SSTO) vehicles are determined. The Saturn 5 launch vehicle and Space Shuttle are examined to validate the assumptions and results. This velocity is then used to determine if the selected vehicle can achieve orbit and calculate its payload capacity. The Saturn 5 launch vehicle with the following stages is examined: (1) second stage (S2) with Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSME); (2) second stage (S2) with J2 engines; (3) third stage (S4B) with SSME; and (4) third stage (S4B) with J2 engines. The Space Shuttle with the following configurations is examined: (1) external tank with SSME; (2) external tank with J2 engines; and (3) Atlas rocket booster (current configuration).

Thorpe, Douglas G.↗