Search NASA⌕ Search

Engineering topics

Wang, H. L.

Publications and source records attributed to Wang, H. L..

At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Ultrafast optical observation of spin-pumping induced dynamic exchange coupling in ferromagnetic semiconductor/metal bilayer

Abstract Spin angular momentum transfer in magnetic bilayers offers the possibility of ultrafast and low-loss operation for next-generation spintronic devices. We report the field- and temperature- dependent measurements on the magnetization precessions in Co 2 FeAl/(Ga,Mn)As by time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. Analysis of the effective Gilbert damping and phase shift indicates a clear signature of an enhanced dynamic exchange coupling between the two ferromagnetic (FM) layers due to the reinforced spin pumping at resonance. The temperature dependence of the dynamic exchange-coupling reveals a primary contribution from the ferromagnetism in (Ga,Mn)As.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Mapping the N = 40 island of inversion: Precision mass measurements of neutron-rich Fe isotopes

Nuclear properties across the chart of nuclides are key to improving and validating our understanding of the strong interaction in nuclear physics. Here we present high-precision mass measurements of neutron-rich Fe isotopes performed at the TITAN facility. The multiple-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MR-ToF-MS), achieving a resolving power greater than 600000 for the first time, enabled the measurement of 63–70 Fe, including first-time high-precision direct measurements (δm/m ≈ 10 -7 ) of 68–70 Fe, as well as the discovery of a long-lived isomeric state in 69 Fe. These measurements are accompanied by both mean-field and ab initio calculations using the most recent realizations which enable theoretical assignment of the spin-parities of the 69 Fe ground and isomeric states. Together with mean-field calculations of quadrupole deformation parameters for the Fe isotope chain, these results benchmark a maximum of deformation in the N = 40 island of inversion in Fe and shed light on trends in level densities indicated in the newly refined mass surface.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Signature splitting of the g 7 / 2 [ 404 ] 7 / 2 + bands in Ba 131 and Ce 133

Excited states in Ba 131 and Ce 133 were studied using in-beam γ -ray spectroscopy through the Sn 122 ( C 13 , 4 n ) Ba 131 and Te 125 ( C 12 , 4 n ) Ce 133 reactions, respectively. A strongly coupled band, associated with the ν g 7 / 2 [ 404 ] 7 / 2 + configuration, was identified in Ba 131 and Ce 133 . It is the first time to observe the ν g 7 / 2 [ 404 ] 7 / 2 + bands in the N = 75 isotones. The signature partners exhibit considerable energy splitting in comparison with those in the π g 7 / 2 [ 404 ] 7 / 2 + bands in the odd- A Ta and Re isotopes. Here, extensive cranked shell model and quasiparticle-plus-triaxial-rotor model calculations reveal the origin of the signature splitting, which depends not only on the triaxiality, but also on the configuration mixing with nearby low- j orbitals.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2018

A Comparative Study of the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Ni- or Fe- Based Composite Coatings by Laser Cladding

Ni- and Fe-based composite coatings were laser cladded on 40Cr steel to improve the surface mechanical property and corrosion resistance, respectively. The microstructure and phase composition were analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The micro-hardness, tribological properties and electrochemical corrosion behavior of the coatings were evaluated. The results show that the thickness of both the coatings is around 0.7 mm, the Ni-based coating is mainly composed of γ-(Ni, Fe), FeNi{sub 3}, Ni{sub 31}Si{sub 12}, Ni{sub 3}B, CrB and Cr{sub 7}C{sub 3}, and the Fe-based coating is mainly composed of austenite and (Fe, Cr){sub 7}C{sub 3}. Micro-hardness of the Ni-based composite coating is about 960 HV{sub 0.3}, much higher than that of Fe-based coating (357.4 HV{sub 0.3}) and the 40Cr substrate (251 HV{sub 0.3}). Meanwhile, the Ni-based composite coating possesses better wear resistance than the Fe-based coating validated by the worn appearance and the wear loss. Electrochemical results suggested that Ni-based coating exhibited better corrosion resistance than the Fe-based coating. The 40Cr substrate could be well protected by the Ni-based coating.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Spatial Distortion of Vibration Modes via Magnetic Correlation of Impurities

Long wavelength vibrational modes in the ferromagnetic semiconductor Ga 0.91 M n0.09 As are investigated using time resolved x-ray diffraction. At room temperature, we measure oscillations in the x-ray diffraction intensity corresponding to coherent vibrational modes with well-defined wavelengths. When the correlation of magnetic impurities sets in, we observe the transition of the lattice into a disordered state that does not support coherent modes at large wavelengths. Our measurements point toward a magnetically induced broadening of long wavelength vibrational modes in momentum space and their quasilocalization in the real space. More specifically, long wavelength vibrational modes cannot be assigned to a single wavelength but rather should be represented as a superposition of plane waves with different wavelengths. Lastly, our findings have strong implications for the phonon-related processes, especially carrier-phonon and phonon-phonon scattering, which govern the electrical conductivity and thermal management of semiconductor-based devices.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

First identification of excited states in Ba 117 using the recoil- β -delayed proton tagging technique

Excited states have been observed for the first time in the neutron-deficient nucleus 117 Ba using the recoil-decay tagging technique following the heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction 64 Zn( 58 Ni, 2p3n) 117 Ba. Prompt γ rays have been assigned to 117 Ba through correlations with β-delayed protons following the decay of A = 117 recoils. Through the analysis of the γ–γ coincidence relationships, a high-spin level scheme consisting of two bands has been established in 117 Ba. Based on the systematics of the level spacings in the neighboring barium isotopes, the two bands are proposed to have νh 11/2 [532]5/2 – and νd 5/2 [413]5/2 + configurations, respectively. Lastly, the observed band-crossing properties are interpreted in the framework of cranked shell model.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Optical characteristics of p-type GaAs-based semiconductors towards applications in photoemission infrared detectors

Free-carrier effects in a p-type semiconductor including the intra-valence-band and inter-valence-band optical transitions are primarily responsible for its optical characteristics in infrared. Attention has been paid to the inter-valence-band transitions for the development of internal photoemission (IPE) mid-wave infrared (MWIR) photodetectors. The hole transition from the heavy-hole (HH) band to the spin-orbit split-off (SO) band has demonstrated potential applications for 3–5 μm detection without the need of cooling. However, the forbidden SO-HH transition at the Γ point (corresponding to a transition energy Δ{sub 0}, which is the split-off gap between the HH and SO bands) creates a sharp drop around 3.6 μm in the spectral response of p-type GaAs/AlGaAs detectors. Here, we report a study on the optical characteristics of p-type GaAs-based semiconductors, including compressively strained InGaAs and GaAsSb, and a dilute magnetic semiconductor, GaMnAs. A model-independent fitting algorithm was used to derive the dielectric function from experimental reflection and transmission spectra. Results show that distinct absorption dip at Δ{sub 0} is observable in p-type InGaAs and GaAsSb, while GaMnAs displays enhanced absorption without degradation around Δ{sub 0}. This implies the promise of using GaMnAs to develop MWIR IPE detectors. Discussions on the optical characteristics correlating with the valence-band structure and free-hole effects are presented.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Microstructural evolution in an ultra-fine YAl{sub 2p} reinforced Mg–14Li–3Al composite during warm-rolling

The YAl{sub 2p}/MgLiAl composite prepared by stir casting was initially forged and then rolled at 200 °C to different thicknesses. The microstructural evolution in the composite during warm rolling was investigated by using transmission electron microscope (TEM). It is found that increasing rolling reduction is conducive to the uniform distribution and refinement of the YAl{sub 2} particles. The rolling deformation promoted the precipitation of an α phase, and the α precipitate is semi-coherent to the matrix with an orientation relationship to the β matrix as: (0002){sub α}‖(110){sub β}. In addition, many nano-sized YAl particles with a cubic shape were found in the matrix of the composite with a high rolling reduction due to the diffusion of Y from YAl{sub 2} to the matrix, which reacted with the Al in the matrix during warm rolling. - Highlights: • The reinforcement YAl{sub 2} particles were distributed more uniformly in the matrix and refined with increasing rolling reduction. • The rolling deformation promoted and refined the precipitation of an α phase with increasing rolling reduction. • Many nano-sized YAl phases were produced and distributed in the matrix of the composite at a high rolling reduction.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

Deep-red semiconductor monolithic mode-locked lasers

A deep-red semiconductor monolithic mode-locked laser is demonstrated. Multi-section laser diodes based on an AlGaAs multi-quantum-well structure were passively mode-locked, enabling the generation of picosecond optical pulses at 752 nm, at pulse repetition rates of 19.37 GHz. An investigation of the dependence of the pulse duration as a function of reverse bias revealed a predominantly exponential decay trend of the pulse duration, varying from 10.5 ps down to 3.5 ps, which can be associated with the concomitant reduction of absorption recovery time with increasing applied field. A 30-MHz-tunability of the pulse repetition rate with bias conditions is also reported. The demonstration of such a compact, efficient and versatile ultrafast laser in this spectral region paves the way for its deployment in a wide range of applications such as biomedical microscopy, pulsed terahertz generation as well as microwave and millimeter-wave generation, with further impact on sensing, imaging and optical communications.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2014

Enhanced efficiency of graphene-silicon Schottky junction solar cells by doping with Au nanoparticles

We have reported a method to enhance the performance of graphene-Si (Gr/Si) Schottky junction solar cells by introducing Au nanoparticles (NPs) onto the monolayer graphene and few-layer graphene. The electron transfer between Au NPs and graphene leads to the increased work function and enhanced electrical conductivity of graphene, resulting in a remarkable improvement of device efficiency. By optimizing the initial thickness of Au layers, the power conversion efficiency of Gr/Si solar cells can be increased by more than three times, with a maximum value of 7.34%. These results show a route for fabricating efficient and stable Gr/Si solar cells.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Measurement of the transmission magnetic circular dichroism of Ga{sub 1−x}Mn{sub x}As epilayers using a built-in p-i-n photodiode

By constructing a GaMnAs epilayer/semi-insulating In{sub 0.2}Ga{sub 0.8}As/(001) n{sup +}-GaAs substrate layer structure as a built-in p-i-n photodiode, we developed a scheme for on-chip measurements of transmission magnetic circular dichroism (T-MCD). Both the hysteresis loops in the magnetic field sweeps and the wavelength scans at saturated magnetic fields measured using the new T-MCD scheme, illustrated the same features as those previously measured on the freestanding GaMnAs thin films by conventional T-MCD. Because a large group of epitaxially grown magnetic film/semiconductor heterostructures, such as Fe, NiFe, CoFeAl, and MnGa films on semiconductor substrates, are becoming important new building blocks for semiconductor-based spin field-effect transistor, perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction (p-MTJ) and lateral MTJ devices, the new T-MCD scheme can be applied to tests of their magnetic properties by forming either p-i-n or Schottky photodiodes.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗