Pluto Mission Development: Prototype Instrument and Subsystem Testing
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Engineering topics
Publications and source records attributed to Weinstein, Stacy S..
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In this time of constrained budgets, the primary question facing planetary explorers is not 'Can we do it?' but 'Can we do it cheaply?' Taunted by words on a postage stamp, a group of mission designers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory is struggling to find a cheap way to go to Pluto. Three primary goals were set by the science community: (1) imaging of Pluto and Charon, (2) mapping their surface composition, and (3) characterizing Pluto's atmosphere. The spacecraft will be designed around these primary goals. With the help of the Advanced Technology Insertion (ATI) process $5 million was alloted for two years to shop for lightweight components and subsystems using new technology never tried on a planetary mission. The process for this search and development is described.
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Two NASA-sponsored cost-constrained mission implementations for the exploration of Pluto are described. One is the Pluto Fast Flyby (PFF) mission, which utilizes an 83 kg spacecraft to be launched in 1998 aboard a Titan IV (Solid Rocket Motor Upgrade)/Centaur) for an about 7-year-long direct trajectory to Pluto, which will carry an integrated CCD-imaging/UV spectrometer, with a possible integrated IR spectrometer. The other is the Pluto-350 spacecraft, weighing about 316 kg, which will carry a broader instrument set, greater redundancy, and which will require greater than 11 year flight time. Pluto-350 will be launched in 2001 aboard a Delta or Atlas, toward earth and Jupiter swingbys to provide the energy to reach Pluto.