Excitation of higher-lying metastable states in carbon monoxide by electron impact - Cross-section and lifetime measurements
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Wells, W. C.↗
Engineering topics
Zipf, E. C.
Publications and source records attributed to Zipf, E. C..
Excitation of the CO fourth positive system by the dissociative recombination of CO2/+/ ions.
The fourth positive system of CO has been excited in a static afterglow experiment by the dissociative recombination of CO2(+) ions. From combined absolute optical and microwave measurements the specific recombination coefficient for exciting the CO system was found to be (2 plus 1 or minus 0.5) x 10 to the minus 8th cu cm/sec. This value represents approximately 5% of the total recombination coefficient (4.0 plus or minus 0.5) x 10 to the minus 7th cu cm/sec measured in this experiment, implying that CO2(+) dissociative recombination will contribute significantly to the excitation of the CO fourth positive system in the Martian airglow. Corroborative electron heating experiments showed that the magnitude of the specific recombination coefficient decreased as the electron temperature was increased. Evidence was also found for the presence of vibrationally excited ions in the CO2(+) plasma, a result which indicates that analogous laboratory studies on the dissociative recombination of O2(+), N2(+), and NO(+) ions may have also involved vibrationally hot plasmas.
Gutcheck, R. A.↗
Excitation of atomic nitrogen by electron impact.
Measurement of the absolute cross sections for the excitation of a number of N I multiplets by electron impact on atomic nitrogen. Two of these cross sections - 1134 and 1200 A - are found to be large, reaching 2.0 x 10 to the minus 16th and 2.5 x 10 to the minus 16th sq cm at their peaks, respectively. The presence of vibrationally excited molecular nitrogen in the discharged gas is confirmed, and its effect on the measurements is discussed. The ratio of the oscillator strengths of the 1200- and 1134-A resonance transitions is measured to be 2.6 plus or minus 0.3.
Stone, E. J.↗
Dayglow forbidden O I 6300 and 5577 A lines in the early morning ionosphere.
Data on a developing morning ionosphere have been obtained by rocket measurement of the atomic oxygen red- and green-line airglow emissions and of the composition of the neutral and ionized constituents of the upper atmosphere. The use of tilting-filter photometers for the optical measurements resulted in reliable and accurate height profiles of the airglow intensity from below 100 to 245 km. The roles of the excitation of both O(super 1 D) and O(super 1 S) atoms by the dissociative recombination of O2(+) and electron impact were studied by using the 6300- and 5577-A data in conjunction with the ion composition measurements. The component of photodissociative excitation of O(super 1 D) by solar radiation in the Schumann-Runge continuum of O2 absorption was assessed as being approximately twice that determined for a previous rocket experiment.
Schaeffer, R. C.↗
Excitation of vacuum ultraviolet radiation by electron impact on carbon monoxide - Some unresolved questions near threshold.
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Wells, W. C.↗
Excitation of atomic nitrogen by electron impact
Absolute cross sections were measured for the excitation of the N I(1134, 1164, 1168, 1200, 1243, and 1743 A) multiplets by electron impact on atomic nitrogen. The presence of vibrationally excited molecular nitrogen in the discharged gas was confirmed, and its effect on the measurements is discussed. The ratio of the oscillator strengths of the 1200 and 1134 A resonance transitions is presented, as well as the branching ratio for the N I(1311/1164 A) multiplets. Striking differences in the distribution of intensity between the spectra of atomic nitrogen and molecular nitrogen excited by energetic electrons suggest an optical method for measuring the density of atomic nitrogen in the upper atmosphere.
Stone, E. J.↗
Dissociative excitation of vacuum ultraviolet emission features by electron impact on molecular gases. III - CO2.
Abstract missing.
Mumma, M. J.↗
The excitation of vacuum ultraviolet radiation by electron impact on carbon monoxide: Some unresolved questions near threshold
The threshold behavior of the ultraviolet photon excitation function for electron impact on carbon monoxide was studied for the pseudo-resonance signal reported elsewhere. Time of flight spectrometer techniques were not able to confirm the resonant feature in excited CO states under electron impact.
Wells, W. C.↗
Excitation of the Werner bands of H2 by electron impact.
Absolute cross sections for the excitation of the Werner band system of molecular hydrogen have been measured from energy threshold to 300 eV for electron impact on molecular hydrogen. The bands were observed in emission in the wavelength region of 1100 to 1250 A. From a comparison of the measured cross sections with previously calculated transition probabilities, it is concluded that the Werner bands are suitable as the basis for relative spectral response calibration only when the bands are observed under sufficiently high resolution. The effect of the perturbation interaction between the B and C states of the hydrogen molecule was observed in the rotational intensity distribution of the Werner (3,7) and (3,6) bands.
Stone, E. J.↗
Electron-impact excitation of nitric oxide.
The absolute cross sections for the excitation of the nitrosyl cation Baer-Miescher bands, two nitric oxide bands, and several atomic nitrogen multiplets in the vacuum UV by electron impact on NO have been measured over an energy range extending from threshold to 300 eV. The variation of the dipole transition moment for the nitrosyl cation band system was also determined.
Stone, E. J.↗
Dissociative excitation of vacuum ultraviolet emission features by electron impact on molecular gases. 3: CO2
Vacuum ultraviolet multiplets of C I, C II, and O I were produced by electron impact on CO2. Absolute emission cross sections for these multiplets were measured from threshold to 350 eV. The electrostatically focused electron gun used is described in detail. The atomic multiplets which were produced by dissociative excitation of CO2 and the cross sections at 100 eV are presented. The dependence of the excitation functions on electron energy shows that these multiplets are produced by electric-dipole-allowed transitions in CO2.
Mumma, M. J.↗
Excitation of the Werner bands of H2 by electron impact
Absolute cross sections for the excitation of the H2 Werner band system were measured from energy threshold to 300 eV for electron impact on H2. The bands were observed in emission in the wavelength region 1100A to 1250A. The measured cross sections were compared with published transition probabilities, leading to the conclusion that the Werner bands are suitable as the basis for a relative spectral response calibration only when the bands are observed under sufficiently high resolution. The effect of the perturbation between the C 1Pi u and B 1 Sigma-u states of the hydrogen molecule was clearly observed in anomalies in the rotational intensity distribution in bands of the (3 v '') progression.
Stone, E. J.↗
Dissociative excitation of vacuum ultraviolet emission features by electron impact on molecular gases. 3: CO2
Vacuum ultraviolet multiplets of C I, C II, and O I were produced by electron impact of CO2. Absolute emission cross sections for these multiplets were measured from threshold to 350 eV. The electrostatically focussed electron gun used in this series of experiments is described in detail. The atomic multiplets which were produced by dissociative excitation of CO2 and the cross sections at 100 eV are given. The dependence of the excitation functions on electron energy shows that these multiplets are produced by electric-dipole-allowed transitions in CO2.
Mumma, M. J.↗
Excitation of the metastable E(3 Sigma g plus) state of N2 by electron impact
The contribution of the N2(E(3 Sigma g plus)) state to the total metastable excitation function of N2 assessed on the basis of time-of-flight studies of metastable nitrogen molecules. The cross section for electron impact excitation state was determined in the domain of the resonance form threshold (11.87 eV) to an energy of about 13 eV. The maximum value of the cross section was found to be (7.0 + or - 4.0) x 10 to the -18th power sq cm at an energy of 12.2 eV. The measurement was made absolute by using the previously determined yield of the metastable detector, the lifetime of the E state, and by eliminating the energy spread in the electron beam from the raw data. The half-width (FWHM) of the resonance-like excitation function near threshold was found to be about 0.4 eV. No substantial evidence was obtained from the present data for the presence of the nonresonant part of the excitation function for the state studied.
Borst, W. L.↗
Production of CO /a 3Pi/ and other metastable fragments by electron impact dissociation of CO2.
The dissociative excitation of CO (a 3Pi) and other metastable fragments produced by electron impact on CO2 has been investigated from threshold to 50 eV. The observed threshold for CO (a 3Pi) production at 11.9 (plus or minus 0.5) eV was near the minimum required energy of 11.5 eV.
Wells, W. C.↗
Dissociative excitation of vacuum-ultraviolet emission features by electron impact on molecular gases. II.
Atomic-nitrogen multiplets have been excited. The excitation cross sections have been measured over the energy range from threshold to 350 eV. The transition arrays, mean wavelengths, and cross sections for dissociative excitation of the multiplets at 100 eV are presented. The experiment featured a monoenergetic electron beam which was incident on a quasi-static gas target. Vacuum-ultraviolet emission features were isolated by a normal-incidence monochromator, and multiscaling pulse-counting techniques were used.
Mumma, M. J.↗
Absolute cross section for the production of O/super 5 S super 0/ by electron impact dissociation of O2.
Estimation of the aeronomically important cross section for the production of O(super 5 S super 0) by electron impact dissociation of O2 on the basis of recently published work of several groups. The cross section reaches a maximum value of 7 x 10 to the minus 18th sq cm plus or minus 50% at about 100 eV. The assumptions made in arriving at this cross section suggest several experiments which might be performed to further refine this estimate.
Wells, W. C.↗
Deactivation of N2 A/super 3/Sigma/sub u/+ molecules in the aurora.
Recent rocket observations of the molecular nitrogen Vegard-Kaplan system in the aurora have been reinterpreted using an atmospheric model based on mass spectrometer measurements in an aurora of similar intensity at the same time of year. It is found that the population rates of the considered levels in the aurora are accurately determined by radiative cascade from two other states excited by direct electron impact. In some bright auroras the role of NO in quenching the lower vibrational levels of the A state is significant. The conclusions are based on a number of relevant auroral observations in combination with calculations using electron cross section and transition probability measurements by Shemansky and Broadfoot (1971).
Shemansky, D. E.↗