TY - RPRT TI - New electric force and charge exchange modules in discrete element model enables particle dynamics simulation in electric field AU - Wu, Ziheng [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000193593922) AU - Tang, Guannan [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)] AU - Troksa, Michael [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)] AU - Elton, Eric [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)] PY - 2025 DO - 10.1007/s40571-025-00916-1 UR - https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2556940 ID - 2556940 ER -