TY - RPRT TI - Distinguishing Thermal Fluctuations from Polaron Formation in Halide Perovskites AU - Zhao, Bai-Qing [Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an (China); University of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States_] (ORCID:0009000589968943) AU - Qi, Jue-Yi [Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an (China)] (ORCID:0009000921071207) AU - Xu, Xun [Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an (China)] (ORCID:0000000190883107) AU - Chen, Xuan-Yan [Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) (China)] AU - Li, Chuan-Nan [University of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000304030568) AU - Li, Jinshan [Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an (China)] AU - Van de Walle, Chris G. [University of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000242125990) AU - Zhang, Xie [Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an (China)] (ORCID:0000000334249253) PY - 2025 DO - 10.1103/p9h2-l2gh UR - https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2918040 ID - 2918040 ER -