TY - RPRT TI - Applying Particle Swarm Optimization and Extended Kalman Filtering to Model Kaplan Generation Dynamics for Hydropower Systems AU - Subedi, Sunil [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:000000034069090X) AU - Wang, Hong [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] AU - Jia, Wenbo [Chelan County Public Utility District, Wenatchee, WA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000433220699) PY - 2026 DO - 10.3390/hydropower1010004 UR - https://www.osti.gov/biblio/3363928 ID - 3363928 ER -