Compression springs at elevated temperatures

Abstract

The behavior of compression springs is affected by increased temperatures. The most significant factors affecting springs are a loss of load and length (relaxation), and a change in the modulus of rigidity. Relaxation will reduce preset loads or change the location of supported components whereas a change in the modulus of rigidity will alter the spring rate. Both factors must be taken into account when designing compression springs. Curves and equations are presented (for music wire, 18-8 stainless steel, 17-7 PH, and Inconel-X) which can aid in the design of compression springs for use at elevated temperatures.