Cosmic-ray propagation and modulation in the interplanetary medium

Abstract

An attempt is made to show the present state of the observations and theories relevant to the modulation within the solar cavity of galactic cosmic rays with kinetic energies in the range 10 MeV to 10 GeV. In particular it is shown that the modulation of electrons, protons, and helium nuclei over the last half-solar-cycle can well be reproduced with current models, and the radial gradients and anisotropics associated with these models are shown. The origin within the energy spectrum of the low energy particles and their properties is discussed, as well as the verification of energy loss processes.