Causality problems for Fermi's two-atom system

Abstract

Let A and B be two atoms or, more generally, a 'source' and a 'detector' separated by some distance R. At t = 0 A is in an excited state, B in its ground state, and no photons are present. A theorem is proved that in contrast to Einstein causality and finite signal velocity the excitation probability of B is nonzero immediately after t = 0. Implications are discussed.