Two 1999 Dates Worth Noting

Abstract

Two dates in 1999 can serve as pivots for space-related educational outreach. On August 11 a total solar eclipse will sweep across Europe and also across the Near East, where it will come remarkably close to matching the ancient eclipse (probably in 129 BC) used by Hipparchus to estimate the distance of the Moon. Using published eclipse data, students may conduct a similar calculation for 1999 and in the process obtain insights about astronomy, history and the way scientists work. October 19, 1999 will be the 100th anniversary of the day when a teen-age Robert Goddard climbed a cherry tree near the Worcester home where his family was staying, intending to prune it. Sitting in that tree, Goddard began daydreaming about space flight, and by the time he came down he had resolved to dedicate his life to implementing that dream. He later marked that day as "Anniversary day," a personal holiday. Material on both subjects can be reached from http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Sintro.htm, sections 8a and 26. The section on Goddard includes his experiments with a ballistic pendulum and the DeLaval nozzle, which laid the essential scientific foundation of spaceflight and which is also suitable for classroom presentation.