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NASA NTRS · 20260002490

Advances in Entry Systems Modeling: Modeling Summer Visit 2025 Technical Reports

Bruno Dias·Sergio Fraile Izquierdo·Jeremie Meurisse·Marc Massot·Jean Lachaud·Thierry Magin·Duy Cuong Dinh·Frank Richard·Joanna D’Antoni·Ward Haegeman·Giuseppe Orlando·Samuel Kokh·Loic Gouarin·Pierre Matalon·Sébastien Dubois·Alexandre Hoffmann·Josselin Massot·Laurent Series·Christian Tenaud·Pierre Bernigaud·Antoine Clout·Daniele Biasone·Zoubair Tazakkati·Teddy Pichard·Pietro Parodi·Jan Skácel·Federico Bariselli·Bruno Fontaine·Julien Clotuche·Koen Hillewaert·Sander Holum·Roemer Spreij·Nicolas Derider·Nicolas Tomić·Alexandre Quintart·Diana Martins·Maxime Barbouse·Julien Klauner·Pierre Schrooyen·David Henneaux·Philippe Chatelain·Antoine E. Simon·Laurent François·Ali Asad·Eric Quémerais·Vincenzo Romano·Antoine Ghyoot·Ata Onur Başkaya·Flora Lahouze·Emmanuel Lopez·Giuseppe Sciume·Célia Mercader·Lisa Feuillerat·Caroline Petiot·Abderrahman M'jikou·Joseph El Rassi
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Abstract

This NASA Technical Memorandum presents the collective work carried out during the Modeling Summer Visit (MSV) 2025, a collaborative research program between NASA Ames Research Center and three leading European research institutions: the University of Bordeaux, the von Karman Institute (VKI), and Ecole Polytechnique. Held from July 7th to August 1st, 2025, the NASA ARC MSV program brought together 42 researchers from Europe to work alongside NASA staff on 22 projects in entry systems modeling. The program was organized by Bruno Dias, Sergio Fraile-Izquierdo, and Jeremie Meurisse from Analytical Mechanics Associates, Inc., in collaboration with Marc Massot (Ecole Polytechnique), Jean Lachaud (University of Bordeaux), and Thierry Magin (VKI). The MSV program traces its origins to an initiative started by Nagi N. Mansour in 2018, with this 2025 edition representing a consolidation and expansion of that original vision. The projects were organized into six thematic groups: Porous Media, Numerical Methods, Plasma/Rarefied Methods, Experimental Reconstruction, Flow and Material Coupling Methods, and Transition and High-Speed Flows. Throughout the four-week program, participants presented their work in three public presentations (July 7th, July 21st, and August 1st), allowing for continuous feedback and discussion of their evolving research.

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PlasmasRarefied FlowsPorous MediumMaterial ResponseAblationTransition

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Bruno Dias, Sergio Fraile Izquierdo, Jeremie Meurisse, Marc Massot, Jean Lachaud, Thierry Magin, Duy Cuong Dinh, Frank Richard, Joanna D’Antoni, Ward Haegeman, Giuseppe Orlando, Samuel Kokh, Loic Gouarin, Pierre Matalon, Sébastien Dubois, Alexandre Hoffmann, Josselin Massot, Laurent Series, Christian Tenaud, Pierre Bernigaud, Antoine Clout, Daniele Biasone, Zoubair Tazakkati, Teddy Pichard, Pietro Parodi, Jan Skácel, Federico Bariselli, Bruno Fontaine, Julien Clotuche, Koen Hillewaert, Sander Holum, Roemer Spreij, Nicolas Derider, Nicolas Tomić, Alexandre Quintart, Diana Martins, Maxime Barbouse, Julien Klauner, Pierre Schrooyen, David Henneaux, Philippe Chatelain, Antoine E. Simon, Laurent François, Ali Asad, Eric Quémerais, Vincenzo Romano, Antoine Ghyoot, Ata Onur Başkaya, Flora Lahouze, Emmanuel Lopez, Giuseppe Sciume, Célia Mercader, Lisa Feuillerat, Caroline Petiot, Abderrahman M'jikou, Joseph El Rassi. 2026-03-01. Advances in Entry Systems Modeling: Modeling Summer Visit 2025 Technical Reports. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20260002490

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Discrete Rotational Energy for Polyatomic Molecules in Direct Simulation Monte Carlo

The environments experienced by vehicles upon entry into planetary atmospheres generally result in severe aerothermodynamic loading. These flows are characterized by the formation of strong shock waves, behind which high temperatures and non-equilibrium environments are generated, and the accurate prediction of internal energy relaxation and chemical kinetics becomes important. This manuscript focuses on the internal relaxation of the rotational energy of polyatomic molecules. Previous work has described the implementation of a discrete rotational energy model for diatomic molecules (linear rotators). Later, Gimelshein et. al extended this model to include polyatomic molecular internal energies. However, they did not include details on how to generate the particles at equilibrium conditions and centrifugal distortion was not included in their model. The purpose of the present study is to extend the afore-mentioned models to the treatment of discrete rotational energy in polyatomic molecules with the addition of centrifugal distortion. An overview of the background theory needed for the implementation of the model will be given followed by the model itself and verification of the model. For example, sampled versus Boltzmann distributions are compared in Figure 1 for CH3 (oblate rotator – two quantum numbers) and examples of thermal relaxation behavior for linear and non-linear rotators are presented in Figure 2. In addition, comparisons of thermophysical properties will be presented, as well as examples of adiabatic relaxation and application to hypersonic flow.

Rarefied Gas Dynamics↗
NASA NTRS2014

Analytical Model for Steady Flow through a Finite Channel with One Porous Wall with Arbitrary Variable Suction or Injection

This paper presents an exact solution of two-dimensional laminar flow through a finite length channel with one porous wall. It improves upon previous solutions by (1) satisfying the no-slip boundary condition at the channel dead end, (2) adding a turbulent term to the porous wall boundary condition, (3) allowing for arbitrary variable suction or injection across the porous wall, and (4) model validation against new cryogenic liquid hydrogen and oxygen experimental data. Of particular interest in the current work is the modeling of cryogenic propellant flow through a porous liquid acquisition device (LAD) screen and channel inside a propellant tank. First, a detailed review of the literature is presented for previously attempted solutions to channel flow with one porous wall. Next, the governing equations, boundary conditions, and model assumptions are used to derive the analytical flow solution and present general model results for pressure and velocity fields within the channel. Then, the model solution is compared with horizontal LAD channel flow data in liquid oxygen as well as vertical LAD channel flow data in an inverted outflow configuration in liquid hydrogen. Model results are used to update the static cryogenic bubble point pressure model with a dynamic bubble point term which factors in enhanced convection and cooling at the screen during propellant outflow. Convective heat transfer at the LAD screen during outflow is also quantified by comparing model and data. The new analytical flow solution with the dynamic bubble point model is shown to compare well with available cryogenic experimental data

Navier Stokes Equations↗