Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1268465

Materials Data on Nd4Ga2O9 by Materials Project

Abstract

Nd4Ga2O9 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Nd3+ sites. In the first Nd3+ site, Nd3+ is bonded to seven O2- atoms to form distorted NdO7 hexagonal pyramids that share a cornercorner with one GaO4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent GaO4 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent NdO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one GaO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one GaO4 trigonal pyramid. There are a spread of Nd–O bond distances ranging from 2.35–2.60 Å. In the second Nd3+ site, Nd3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Nd–O bond distances ranging from 2.35–2.81 Å. In the third Nd3+ site, Nd3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form NdO6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent GaO4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent GaO4 trigonal pyramids, and edges with two equivalent NdO7 hexagonal pyramids. There are a spread of Nd–O bond distances ranging from 2.31–2.47 Å. In the fourth Nd3+ site, Nd3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Nd–O bond distances ranging from 2.39–2.80 Å. There are two inequivalent Ga3+ sites. In the first Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form GaO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one NdO7 hexagonal pyramid, corners with three equivalent NdO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one GaO4 trigonal pyramid, and an edgeedge with one NdO7 hexagonal pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 51–63°. There are a spread of Ga–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–1.89 Å. In the second Ga3+ site, Ga3+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form GaO4 trigonal pyramids that share corners with two equivalent NdO7 hexagonal pyramids, corners with two equivalent NdO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one GaO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one NdO7 hexagonal pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–54°. There are a spread of Ga–O bond distances ranging from 1.83–1.89 Å. There are nine inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Nd3+ and one Ga3+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Nd3+ and two Ga3+ atoms to form distorted ONd2Ga2 tetrahedra that share corners with three ONd4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ONd3Ga trigonal pyramids, and edges with two ONd4 tetrahedra. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Nd3+ and one Ga3+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Nd3+ and one Ga3+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Nd3+ atoms to form ONd4 tetrahedra that share corners with five ONd2Ga2 tetrahedra, a cornercorner with one ONd3Ga trigonal pyramid, edges with two ONd4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one ONd3Ga trigonal pyramid. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Nd3+ atoms to form ONd4 tetrahedra that share corners with six ONd2Ga2 tetrahedra, edges with three ONd2Ga2 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one ONd3Ga trigonal pyramid. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Nd3+ and one Ga3+ atom to form distorted ONd3Ga trigonal pyramids that share corners with three ONd2Ga2 tetrahedra and edges with three ONd4 tetrahedra. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Nd3+ and one Ga3+ atom to form distorted ONd3Ga tetrahedra that share corners with six ONd2Ga2 tetrahedra, an edgeedge with one ONd2Ga2 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one ONd3Ga trigonal pyramid. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Nd3+ and one Ga3+ atom.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-04-30. Materials Data on Nd4Ga2O9 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1268465

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗