Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1270359

Materials Data on Ca6Hf19O44 by Materials Project

Abstract

Ca6Hf19O44 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Ca2+ sites. In the first Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–2.60 Å. In the second Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.23–2.43 Å. In the third Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–2.60 Å. In the fourth Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.43–2.60 Å. There are eleven inequivalent Hf4+ sites. In the first Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form HfO6 octahedra that share corners with two HfO6 octahedra, corners with four HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids, and edges with two equivalent HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 48°. There are two shorter (2.04 Å) and four longer (2.10 Å) Hf–O bond lengths. In the second Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded to seven O2- atoms to form distorted HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with two HfO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one HfO7 pentagonal bipyramid, edges with two HfO6 octahedra, and edges with three HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–46°. There are a spread of Hf–O bond distances ranging from 2.04–2.37 Å. In the third Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded to seven O2- atoms to form distorted HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with two HfO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one HfO7 pentagonal bipyramid, and edges with six HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–53°. There are a spread of Hf–O bond distances ranging from 2.06–2.23 Å. In the fourth Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded to seven O2- atoms to form distorted HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with two HfO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one HfO7 pentagonal bipyramid, and edges with six HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–53°. There are a spread of Hf–O bond distances ranging from 2.06–2.23 Å. In the fifth Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form HfO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent HfO6 octahedra, corners with four HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids, and edges with two equivalent HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 48°. There are four shorter (2.07 Å) and two longer (2.10 Å) Hf–O bond lengths. In the sixth Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded to seven O2- atoms to form distorted HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with two HfO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one HfO7 pentagonal bipyramid, and edges with six HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–53°. There are a spread of Hf–O bond distances ranging from 2.06–2.23 Å. In the seventh Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form HfO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent HfO6 octahedra, corners with four HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids, and edges with two equivalent HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 48°. There are four shorter (2.07 Å) and two longer (2.10 Å) Hf–O bond lengths. In the eighth Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are six shorter (2.21 Å) and two longer (2.54 Å) Hf–O bond lengths. In the ninth Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are six shorter (2.21 Å) and two longer (2.54 Å) Hf–O bond lengths. In the tenth Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form HfO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent HfO6 octahedra, corners with four HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids, and edges with two equivalent HfO7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 48°. There are four shorter (2.07 Å) and two longer (2.10 Å) Hf–O bond lengths. In the eleventh Hf4+ site, Hf4+ is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are six shorter (2.21 Å) and two longer (2.54 Å) Hf–O bond lengths. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Hf4+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four Hf4+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Hf4+ atoms to form distorted OHf4 tetrahedra that share corners with eight OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent OCaHf3 trigonal pyramids, edges with three OHf4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one OCaHf3 trigonal pyramid. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Ca2+ and three Hf4+ atoms to form distorted OCaHf3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with eight OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra, edges with three OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one OCaHf3 trigonal pyramid. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Ca2+ and two Hf4+ atoms to form OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra that share corners with eight OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent OCaHf3 trigonal pyramids, edges with three OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one OCaHf3 trigonal pyramid. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Ca2+ and three Hf4+ atoms to form distorted OCaHf3 tetrahedra that share corners with nine OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra, a cornercorner with one OCaHf3 trigonal pyramid, and edges with three OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one Ca2+ and three Hf4+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Ca2+ and two Hf4+ atoms to form distorted OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra that share corners with seven OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra, corners with three equivalent OCaHf3 trigonal pyramids, edges with two OCa2Hf2 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one OCaHf3 trigonal pyramid.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-04-29. Materials Data on Ca6Hf19O44 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1270359

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗