Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1284781

Materials Data on Ca19Si6S6(ClO24)2 by Materials Project

Abstract

Ca19Si6S6(O24Cl)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic Pm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are twelve inequivalent Ca sites. In the first Ca site, Ca is bonded to five O atoms to form distorted CaO5 trigonal bipyramids that share a cornercorner with one SO4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent SiO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one SiO4 tetrahedra. There are four shorter (2.37 Å) and one longer (2.44 Å) Ca–O bond lengths. In the second Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O and two equivalent Cl atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.36–2.46 Å. Both Ca–Cl bond lengths are 3.26 Å. In the third Ca site, Ca is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.45 Å. In the fourth Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to four O and two equivalent Cl atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.21–2.74 Å. Both Ca–Cl bond lengths are 3.28 Å. In the fifth Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.30–2.47 Å. In the sixth Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.42–2.83 Å. In the seventh Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to six O and one Cl atom. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.30–2.96 Å. The Ca–Cl bond length is 2.96 Å. In the eighth Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to six O and two equivalent Cl atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.20–2.98 Å. Both Ca–Cl bond lengths are 3.19 Å. In the ninth Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.92 Å. In the tenth Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.93 Å. In the eleventh Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to six O and one Cl atom. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.25–2.97 Å. The Ca–Cl bond length is 2.94 Å. In the twelfth Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to six O and one Cl atom. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.27–2.93 Å. The Ca–Cl bond length is 3.01 Å. There are four inequivalent Si sites. In the first Si site, Si is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.64–1.66 Å. In the second Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one CaO5 trigonal bipyramid. There is one shorter (1.64 Å) and three longer (1.66 Å) Si–O bond length. In the third Si site, Si is bonded to four O atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share an edgeedge with one CaO5 trigonal bipyramid. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.63–1.67 Å. In the fourth Si site, Si is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.64–1.66 Å. There are five inequivalent S sites. In the first S site, S is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of S–O bond distances ranging from 1.46–1.51 Å. In the second S site, S is bonded to four O atoms to form SO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one CaO5 trigonal bipyramid. There is three shorter (1.48 Å) and one longer (1.52 Å) S–O bond length. In the third S site, S is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There is three shorter (1.48 Å) and one longer (1.50 Å) S–O bond length. In the fourth S site, S is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of S–O bond distances ranging from 1.47–1.52 Å. In the fifth S site, S is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There is three shorter (1.49 Å) and one longer (1.50 Å) S–O bond length. There are thirty inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two Ca and one Si atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three Ca and one Si atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ca and one S atom. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ca and one S atom. In the fifth O site, O is bonded to three Ca and one Si atom to form distorted OCa3Si trigonal pyramids that share a cornercorner with one ClCa6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one OCa3Si trigonal pyramid, and an edgeedge with one OCa3Si tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 28°. In the sixth O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Ca and one Si atom. In the seventh O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one Si atom. In the eighth O site, O is bonded to three Ca and one Si atom to form distorted OCa3Si tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one ClCa6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one OCa3Si trigonal pyramid, and an edgeedge with one OCa3Si trigonal pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 47°. In the ninth O site, O is bonded to three Ca and one Si atom to form distorted corner-sharing OCa3Si trigonal pyramids. In the tenth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one Si atom. In the eleventh O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ca and one S atom. In the twelfth O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three Ca and one S atom. In the thirteenth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one S atom. In the fourteenth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one Si atom. In the fifteenth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one Si atom. In the sixteenth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one S atom. In the seventeenth O site, O is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Ca and one S atom. In the eighteenth O site, O is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to two equivalent Ca and one Si atom. In the nineteenth O site, O is bonded to three Ca and one Si atom to form distorted OCa3Si tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ClCa6 octahedra and an edgeedge with one OCa3S tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 47°. In the twentieth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one Si atom. In the twenty-first O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one S atom. In the twenty-second O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one S atom. In the twenty-third O site, O is bonded to three Ca and one S atom to form distorted OCa3S tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ClCa6 octahedra and an edgeedge with one OCa3Si tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 41°. In the twenty-fourth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two Ca and one S atom. In the twenty-fifth O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one S atom. In the twenty-sixth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one S atom. In the twenty-seventh O site, O is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one S atom. In the twenty-eighth O site, O is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Ca and one Si atom. In the twenty-ninth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Ca and one S atom. In the thirtieth O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Ca and one S atom. Cl is bonded to six Ca atoms to form distorted ClCa6 octahedra that share corners with three OCa3Si tetrahedra, a cornercorner with one OCa3Si trigonal pyramid, and a faceface with one ClCa6 octahedra.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-05-29. Materials Data on Ca19Si6S6(ClO24)2 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1284781

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗