Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1291613

Materials Data on Na5Ti12O24 by Materials Project

Abstract

Na5Ti12O24 crystallizes in the monoclinic Pm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Na1+ sites. In the first Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.43 Å. In the second Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.40 Å. In the third Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.10–2.45 Å. In the fourth Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.10–2.37 Å. There are eight inequivalent Ti+3.58+ sites. In the first Ti+3.58+ site, Ti+3.58+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–49°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.09 Å. In the second Ti+3.58+ site, Ti+3.58+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–52°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.11 Å. In the third Ti+3.58+ site, Ti+3.58+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–50°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.07 Å. In the fourth Ti+3.58+ site, Ti+3.58+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–47°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.08 Å. In the fifth Ti+3.58+ site, Ti+3.58+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–52°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.07 Å. In the sixth Ti+3.58+ site, Ti+3.58+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–48°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.03 Å. In the seventh Ti+3.58+ site, Ti+3.58+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–48°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.08 Å. In the eighth Ti+3.58+ site, Ti+3.58+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–50°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.15 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing ONaTi3 tetrahedra. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Ti+3.58+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form distorted ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids that share a cornercorner with one ONa2Ti3 square pyramid, corners with three ONaTi3 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids, an edgeedge with one ONaTi3 tetrahedra, and edges with two equivalent ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Ti+3.58+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Ti+3.58+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form ONaTi3 tetrahedra that share corners with two ONa2Ti3 square pyramids, corners with two ONaTi3 tetrahedra, corners with two ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with two ONa2Ti3 square pyramids. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form ONaTi3 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ONa2Ti3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent ONaTi3 tetrahedra, corners with two ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent ONa2Ti3 square pyramids, and an edgeedge with one ONaTi3 trigonal pyramid. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form ONa2Ti3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent ONaTi3 tetrahedra, a cornercorner with one ONaTi3 trigonal pyramid, edges with two equivalent ONa2Ti3 square pyramids, and edges with two equivalent ONaTi3 tetrahedra. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form ONa2Ti3 square pyramids that share corners with two ONaTi3 tetrahedra, a cornercorner with one ONaTi3 trigonal pyramid, edges with two ONa2Ti3 square pyramids, edges with two ONaTi3 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one ONaTi3 trigonal pyramid. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form distorted ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with four ONaTi3 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent ONa2Ti3 square pyramids, and an edgeedge with one ONaTi3 tetrahedra. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Ti+3.58+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form distorted ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with two equivalent ONa2Ti3 square pyramids, corners with two ONaTi3 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids, an edgeedge with one ONaTi3 tetrahedra, and edges with two equivalent ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing ONaTi3 trigonal pyramids. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Na1+ and three Ti+3.58+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing ONaTi3 tetrahedra.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-05-01. Materials Data on Na5Ti12O24 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1291613

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗