Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1296062

Materials Data on Li3Mn4O8 by Materials Project

Abstract

Li3Mn4O8 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are six inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six MnO6 octahedra, edges with four LiO6 octahedra, and edges with six MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–10°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.55 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two LiO6 octahedra, and edges with eight MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 10–16°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.03–2.24 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two LiO6 octahedra, and edges with eight MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 10–16°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.04–2.23 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six MnO6 octahedra, edges with four LiO6 octahedra, and edges with six MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–10°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.11–2.54 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two LiO6 octahedra, and edges with eight MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 10–16°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.04–2.28 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two LiO6 octahedra, and edges with eight MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 10–16°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.04–2.20 Å. There are eight inequivalent Mn+3.25+ sites. In the first Mn+3.25+ site, Mn+3.25+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share edges with six LiO6 octahedra and edges with six MnO6 octahedra. There is two shorter (1.92 Å) and four longer (1.94 Å) Mn–O bond length. In the second Mn+3.25+ site, Mn+3.25+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with four LiO6 octahedra, and edges with six MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–10°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–1.99 Å. In the third Mn+3.25+ site, Mn+3.25+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with six MnO6 octahedra, edges with four MnO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 7–15°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 2.09–2.19 Å. In the fourth Mn+3.25+ site, Mn+3.25+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share edges with six LiO6 octahedra and edges with six MnO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–1.94 Å. In the fifth Mn+3.25+ site, Mn+3.25+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with six MnO6 octahedra, edges with four MnO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 7–15°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.27 Å. In the sixth Mn+3.25+ site, Mn+3.25+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with six MnO6 octahedra, edges with four MnO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 7–15°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.28 Å. In the seventh Mn+3.25+ site, Mn+3.25+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with six MnO6 octahedra, edges with four MnO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 7–15°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 2.09–2.19 Å. In the eighth Mn+3.25+ site, Mn+3.25+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with four LiO6 octahedra, and edges with six MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–10°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.00 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Li1+ and four Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLiMn4 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLiMn4 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLi2Mn3 square pyramids. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Li1+ and three Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi2Mn3 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLi3Mn2 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLiMn4 square pyramids. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and two Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi3Mn2 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLi2Mn3 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLiMn4 square pyramids. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Li1+ and four Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLiMn4 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLi2Mn3 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLi3Mn2 square pyramids. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi3Mn3 octahedra that share corners with six OLi3Mn3 octahedra and edges with twelve OLiMn4 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Li1+ and three Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi2Mn3 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLi2Mn3 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLiMn4 square pyramids. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and two Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi3Mn2 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLi2Mn3 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLiMn4 square pyramids. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Mn+3.25+ atoms to form distorted OLi3Mn3 octahedra that share corners with six OLi3Mn3 octahedra and edges with twelve OLi2Mn3 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Li1+ and four Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLiMn4 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLiMn4 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLi2Mn3 square pyramids. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and two Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi3Mn2 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLiMn4 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLiMn4 square pyramids. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Li1+ and three Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi2Mn3 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLiMn4 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLiMn4 square pyramids. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi3Mn3 octahedra that share corners with six OLi3Mn3 octahedra and edges with twelve OLi2Mn3 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and two Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi3Mn2 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLiMn4 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLiMn4 square pyramids. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Li1+ and three Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLi2Mn3 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLiMn4 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLiMn4 square pyramids. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Mn+3.25+ atoms to form distorted OLi3Mn3 octahedra that share corners with six OLi3Mn3 octahedra and edges with twelve OLiMn4 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Li1+ and four Mn+3.25+ atoms to form OLiMn4 square pyramids that share corners with nine OLiMn4 square pyramids, edges with four OLi3Mn3 octahedra, and edges with four OLi3Mn2 square pyramids.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-05-02. Materials Data on Li3Mn4O8 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1296062

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗