Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1318384

Materials Data on CaCr2O4 by Materials Project

Abstract

CaCr2O4 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Ca2+ sites. In the first Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.56 Å. In the second Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.56 Å. There are four inequivalent Cr3+ sites. In the first Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing CrO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 51–61°. There are a spread of Cr–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.21 Å. In the second Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing CrO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 51–61°. There are a spread of Cr–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.09 Å. In the third Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing CrO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 51–61°. There are a spread of Cr–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.09 Å. In the fourth Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing CrO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 51–61°. There are a spread of Cr–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.21 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Ca2+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form distorted OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with three OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with five OCa2Cr3 square pyramids. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one Ca2+ and three Cr3+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one Ca2+ and three Cr3+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Ca2+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form distorted OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with three OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with five OCa2Cr3 square pyramids. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Ca2+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form OCa2Cr3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids, edges with five OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, and edges with three OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Ca2+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form distorted OCa2Cr3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, a cornercorner with one OCaCr3 trigonal pyramid, edges with five OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, and edges with two equivalent OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Ca2+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form OCa2Cr3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids, edges with five OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, and edges with three OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Ca2+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form distorted OCa2Cr3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, a cornercorner with one OCaCr3 trigonal pyramid, edges with five OCa2Cr3 square pyramids, and edges with two equivalent OCaCr3 trigonal pyramids.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-08-03. Materials Data on CaCr2O4 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1318384

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗