Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1318578

Materials Data on MgMn4O8 by Materials Project

Abstract

MgMn4O8 crystallizes in the monoclinic Cm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Mg2+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form MgO5 square pyramids that share corners with six MnO6 octahedra, edges with three MnO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, and a faceface with one MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–55°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.06–2.13 Å. There are four inequivalent Mn+3.50+ sites. In the first Mn+3.50+ site, Mn+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with four MnO6 octahedra, edges with four MnO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 49–52°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.22 Å. In the second Mn+3.50+ site, Mn+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with four MnO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, edges with four MnO6 octahedra, and a faceface with one MgO5 square pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 49–54°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.18 Å. In the third Mn+3.50+ site, Mn+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with four MnO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, and edges with four MnO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 51–52°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.04 Å. In the fourth Mn+3.50+ site, Mn+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MnO6 octahedra that share corners with four MnO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, edges with four MnO6 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one MgO5 square pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 51–54°. There are a spread of Mn–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.13 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Mn+3.50+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Mn+3.50+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Mn+3.50+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Mg2+ and three Mn+3.50+ atoms to form OMgMn3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OMgMn3 trigonal pyramids, edges with two equivalent OMg2Mn3 square pyramids, and edges with two equivalent OMg2Mn3 trigonal bipyramids. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three Mn+3.50+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Mg2+ and three Mn+3.50+ atoms to form distorted OMg2Mn3 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with two equivalent OMg2Mn3 square pyramids, an edgeedge with one OMg2Mn3 square pyramid, edges with two equivalent OMg2Mn3 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two equivalent OMgMn3 trigonal pyramids. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Mg2+ and three Mn+3.50+ atoms to form OMg2Mn3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OMg2Mn3 trigonal bipyramids, edges with two equivalent OMg2Mn3 square pyramids, an edgeedge with one OMg2Mn3 trigonal bipyramid, and edges with two equivalent OMgMn3 trigonal pyramids. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three Mn+3.50+ atoms.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-05-02. Materials Data on MgMn4O8 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1318578

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗